1 | |
---|
2 | @node GNU Free Documentation License |
---|
3 | @appendixsec GNU Free Documentation License |
---|
4 | |
---|
5 | @cindex FDL, GNU Free Documentation License |
---|
6 | @center Version 1.2, November 2002 |
---|
7 | |
---|
8 | @display |
---|
9 | Copyright @copyright{} 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
---|
10 | 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA |
---|
11 | |
---|
12 | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies |
---|
13 | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. |
---|
14 | @end display |
---|
15 | |
---|
16 | @enumerate 0 |
---|
17 | @item |
---|
18 | PREAMBLE |
---|
19 | |
---|
20 | The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other |
---|
21 | functional and useful document @dfn{free} in the sense of freedom: to |
---|
22 | assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, |
---|
23 | with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. |
---|
24 | Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way |
---|
25 | to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible |
---|
26 | for modifications made by others. |
---|
27 | |
---|
28 | This License is a kind of ``copyleft'', which means that derivative |
---|
29 | works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It |
---|
30 | complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft |
---|
31 | license designed for free software. |
---|
32 | |
---|
33 | We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free |
---|
34 | software, because free software needs free documentation: a free |
---|
35 | program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the |
---|
36 | software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; |
---|
37 | it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or |
---|
38 | whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License |
---|
39 | principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. |
---|
40 | |
---|
41 | @item |
---|
42 | APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS |
---|
43 | |
---|
44 | This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that |
---|
45 | contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be |
---|
46 | distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a |
---|
47 | world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that |
---|
48 | work under the conditions stated herein. The ``Document'', below, |
---|
49 | refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a |
---|
50 | licensee, and is addressed as ``you''. You accept the license if you |
---|
51 | copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission |
---|
52 | under copyright law. |
---|
53 | |
---|
54 | A ``Modified Version'' of the Document means any work containing the |
---|
55 | Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with |
---|
56 | modifications and/or translated into another language. |
---|
57 | |
---|
58 | A ``Secondary Section'' is a named appendix or a front-matter section |
---|
59 | of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the |
---|
60 | publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall |
---|
61 | subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall |
---|
62 | directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in |
---|
63 | part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain |
---|
64 | any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical |
---|
65 | connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, |
---|
66 | commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding |
---|
67 | them. |
---|
68 | |
---|
69 | The ``Invariant Sections'' are certain Secondary Sections whose titles |
---|
70 | are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice |
---|
71 | that says that the Document is released under this License. If a |
---|
72 | section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not |
---|
73 | allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero |
---|
74 | Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant |
---|
75 | Sections then there are none. |
---|
76 | |
---|
77 | The ``Cover Texts'' are certain short passages of text that are listed, |
---|
78 | as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that |
---|
79 | the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may |
---|
80 | be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. |
---|
81 | |
---|
82 | A ``Transparent'' copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, |
---|
83 | represented in a format whose specification is available to the |
---|
84 | general public, that is suitable for revising the document |
---|
85 | straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of |
---|
86 | pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available |
---|
87 | drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or |
---|
88 | for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input |
---|
89 | to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file |
---|
90 | format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart |
---|
91 | or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. |
---|
92 | An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount |
---|
93 | of text. A copy that is not ``Transparent'' is called ``Opaque''. |
---|
94 | |
---|
95 | Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain |
---|
96 | @sc{ascii} without markup, Texinfo input format, La@TeX{} input |
---|
97 | format, @acronym{SGML} or @acronym{XML} using a publicly available |
---|
98 | @acronym{DTD}, and standard-conforming simple @acronym{HTML}, |
---|
99 | PostScript or @acronym{PDF} designed for human modification. Examples |
---|
100 | of transparent image formats include @acronym{PNG}, @acronym{XCF} and |
---|
101 | @acronym{JPG}. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be |
---|
102 | read and edited only by proprietary word processors, @acronym{SGML} or |
---|
103 | @acronym{XML} for which the @acronym{DTD} and/or processing tools are |
---|
104 | not generally available, and the machine-generated @acronym{HTML}, |
---|
105 | PostScript or @acronym{PDF} produced by some word processors for |
---|
106 | output purposes only. |
---|
107 | |
---|
108 | The ``Title Page'' means, for a printed book, the title page itself, |
---|
109 | plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material |
---|
110 | this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in |
---|
111 | formats which do not have any title page as such, ``Title Page'' means |
---|
112 | the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, |
---|
113 | preceding the beginning of the body of the text. |
---|
114 | |
---|
115 | A section ``Entitled XYZ'' means a named subunit of the Document whose |
---|
116 | title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following |
---|
117 | text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a |
---|
118 | specific section name mentioned below, such as ``Acknowledgements'', |
---|
119 | ``Dedications'', ``Endorsements'', or ``History''.) To ``Preserve the Title'' |
---|
120 | of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a |
---|
121 | section ``Entitled XYZ'' according to this definition. |
---|
122 | |
---|
123 | The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which |
---|
124 | states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty |
---|
125 | Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this |
---|
126 | License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other |
---|
127 | implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has |
---|
128 | no effect on the meaning of this License. |
---|
129 | |
---|
130 | @item |
---|
131 | VERBATIM COPYING |
---|
132 | |
---|
133 | You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either |
---|
134 | commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the |
---|
135 | copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies |
---|
136 | to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other |
---|
137 | conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use |
---|
138 | technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further |
---|
139 | copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept |
---|
140 | compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough |
---|
141 | number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. |
---|
142 | |
---|
143 | You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and |
---|
144 | you may publicly display copies. |
---|
145 | |
---|
146 | @item |
---|
147 | COPYING IN QUANTITY |
---|
148 | |
---|
149 | If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have |
---|
150 | printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the |
---|
151 | Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the |
---|
152 | copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover |
---|
153 | Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on |
---|
154 | the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify |
---|
155 | you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present |
---|
156 | the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and |
---|
157 | visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. |
---|
158 | Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve |
---|
159 | the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated |
---|
160 | as verbatim copying in other respects. |
---|
161 | |
---|
162 | If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit |
---|
163 | legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit |
---|
164 | reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent |
---|
165 | pages. |
---|
166 | |
---|
167 | If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering |
---|
168 | more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent |
---|
169 | copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy |
---|
170 | a computer-network location from which the general network-using |
---|
171 | public has access to download using public-standard network protocols |
---|
172 | a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. |
---|
173 | If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, |
---|
174 | when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure |
---|
175 | that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated |
---|
176 | location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an |
---|
177 | Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that |
---|
178 | edition to the public. |
---|
179 | |
---|
180 | It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the |
---|
181 | Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give |
---|
182 | them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. |
---|
183 | |
---|
184 | @item |
---|
185 | MODIFICATIONS |
---|
186 | |
---|
187 | You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under |
---|
188 | the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release |
---|
189 | the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified |
---|
190 | Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution |
---|
191 | and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy |
---|
192 | of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: |
---|
193 | |
---|
194 | @enumerate A |
---|
195 | @item |
---|
196 | Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct |
---|
197 | from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions |
---|
198 | (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section |
---|
199 | of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version |
---|
200 | if the original publisher of that version gives permission. |
---|
201 | |
---|
202 | @item |
---|
203 | List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities |
---|
204 | responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified |
---|
205 | Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the |
---|
206 | Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), |
---|
207 | unless they release you from this requirement. |
---|
208 | |
---|
209 | @item |
---|
210 | State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the |
---|
211 | Modified Version, as the publisher. |
---|
212 | |
---|
213 | @item |
---|
214 | Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. |
---|
215 | |
---|
216 | @item |
---|
217 | Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications |
---|
218 | adjacent to the other copyright notices. |
---|
219 | |
---|
220 | @item |
---|
221 | Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice |
---|
222 | giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the |
---|
223 | terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. |
---|
224 | |
---|
225 | @item |
---|
226 | Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections |
---|
227 | and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. |
---|
228 | |
---|
229 | @item |
---|
230 | Include an unaltered copy of this License. |
---|
231 | |
---|
232 | @item |
---|
233 | Preserve the section Entitled ``History'', Preserve its Title, and add |
---|
234 | to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and |
---|
235 | publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If |
---|
236 | there is no section Entitled ``History'' in the Document, create one |
---|
237 | stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as |
---|
238 | given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified |
---|
239 | Version as stated in the previous sentence. |
---|
240 | |
---|
241 | @item |
---|
242 | Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for |
---|
243 | public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise |
---|
244 | the network locations given in the Document for previous versions |
---|
245 | it was based on. These may be placed in the ``History'' section. |
---|
246 | You may omit a network location for a work that was published at |
---|
247 | least four years before the Document itself, or if the original |
---|
248 | publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. |
---|
249 | |
---|
250 | @item |
---|
251 | For any section Entitled ``Acknowledgements'' or ``Dedications'', Preserve |
---|
252 | the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the |
---|
253 | substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or |
---|
254 | dedications given therein. |
---|
255 | |
---|
256 | @item |
---|
257 | Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, |
---|
258 | unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers |
---|
259 | or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. |
---|
260 | |
---|
261 | @item |
---|
262 | Delete any section Entitled ``Endorsements''. Such a section |
---|
263 | may not be included in the Modified Version. |
---|
264 | |
---|
265 | @item |
---|
266 | Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled ``Endorsements'' or |
---|
267 | to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. |
---|
268 | |
---|
269 | @item |
---|
270 | Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. |
---|
271 | @end enumerate |
---|
272 | |
---|
273 | If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or |
---|
274 | appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material |
---|
275 | copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all |
---|
276 | of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the |
---|
277 | list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. |
---|
278 | These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. |
---|
279 | |
---|
280 | You may add a section Entitled ``Endorsements'', provided it contains |
---|
281 | nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various |
---|
282 | parties---for example, statements of peer review or that the text has |
---|
283 | been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a |
---|
284 | standard. |
---|
285 | |
---|
286 | You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a |
---|
287 | passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list |
---|
288 | of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of |
---|
289 | Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or |
---|
290 | through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already |
---|
291 | includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or |
---|
292 | by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, |
---|
293 | you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit |
---|
294 | permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. |
---|
295 | |
---|
296 | The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License |
---|
297 | give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or |
---|
298 | imply endorsement of any Modified Version. |
---|
299 | |
---|
300 | @item |
---|
301 | COMBINING DOCUMENTS |
---|
302 | |
---|
303 | You may combine the Document with other documents released under this |
---|
304 | License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified |
---|
305 | versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the |
---|
306 | Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and |
---|
307 | list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its |
---|
308 | license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. |
---|
309 | |
---|
310 | The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and |
---|
311 | multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single |
---|
312 | copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but |
---|
313 | different contents, make the title of each such section unique by |
---|
314 | adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original |
---|
315 | author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. |
---|
316 | Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of |
---|
317 | Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. |
---|
318 | |
---|
319 | In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled ``History'' |
---|
320 | in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled |
---|
321 | ``History''; likewise combine any sections Entitled ``Acknowledgements'', |
---|
322 | and any sections Entitled ``Dedications''. You must delete all |
---|
323 | sections Entitled ``Endorsements.'' |
---|
324 | |
---|
325 | @item |
---|
326 | COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS |
---|
327 | |
---|
328 | You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents |
---|
329 | released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this |
---|
330 | License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in |
---|
331 | the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for |
---|
332 | verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. |
---|
333 | |
---|
334 | You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute |
---|
335 | it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this |
---|
336 | License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all |
---|
337 | other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. |
---|
338 | |
---|
339 | @item |
---|
340 | AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS |
---|
341 | |
---|
342 | A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate |
---|
343 | and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or |
---|
344 | distribution medium, is called an ``aggregate'' if the copyright |
---|
345 | resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights |
---|
346 | of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. |
---|
347 | When the Document is included an aggregate, this License does not |
---|
348 | apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves |
---|
349 | derivative works of the Document. |
---|
350 | |
---|
351 | If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these |
---|
352 | copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of |
---|
353 | the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on |
---|
354 | covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the |
---|
355 | electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. |
---|
356 | Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole |
---|
357 | aggregate. |
---|
358 | |
---|
359 | @item |
---|
360 | TRANSLATION |
---|
361 | |
---|
362 | Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may |
---|
363 | distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. |
---|
364 | Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special |
---|
365 | permission from their copyright holders, but you may include |
---|
366 | translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the |
---|
367 | original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a |
---|
368 | translation of this License, and all the license notices in the |
---|
369 | Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include |
---|
370 | the original English version of this License and the original versions |
---|
371 | of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between |
---|
372 | the translation and the original version of this License or a notice |
---|
373 | or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. |
---|
374 | |
---|
375 | If a section in the Document is Entitled ``Acknowledgements'', |
---|
376 | ``Dedications'', or ``History'', the requirement (section 4) to Preserve |
---|
377 | its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual |
---|
378 | title. |
---|
379 | |
---|
380 | @item |
---|
381 | TERMINATION |
---|
382 | |
---|
383 | You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except |
---|
384 | as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to |
---|
385 | copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will |
---|
386 | automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, |
---|
387 | parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this |
---|
388 | License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such |
---|
389 | parties remain in full compliance. |
---|
390 | |
---|
391 | @item |
---|
392 | FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE |
---|
393 | |
---|
394 | The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions |
---|
395 | of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new |
---|
396 | versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may |
---|
397 | differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See |
---|
398 | @uref{http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/}. |
---|
399 | |
---|
400 | Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. |
---|
401 | If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this |
---|
402 | License ``or any later version'' applies to it, you have the option of |
---|
403 | following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or |
---|
404 | of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the |
---|
405 | Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version |
---|
406 | number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not |
---|
407 | as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. |
---|
408 | @end enumerate |
---|
409 | |
---|
410 | @page |
---|
411 | @appendixsubsec ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents |
---|
412 | |
---|
413 | To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of |
---|
414 | the License in the document and put the following copyright and |
---|
415 | license notices just after the title page: |
---|
416 | |
---|
417 | @smallexample |
---|
418 | @group |
---|
419 | Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{your name}. |
---|
420 | Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
---|
421 | under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 |
---|
422 | or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; |
---|
423 | with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. |
---|
424 | A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU |
---|
425 | Free Documentation License''. |
---|
426 | @end group |
---|
427 | @end smallexample |
---|
428 | |
---|
429 | If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, |
---|
430 | replace the ``with...Texts.'' line with this: |
---|
431 | |
---|
432 | @smallexample |
---|
433 | @group |
---|
434 | with the Invariant Sections being @var{list their titles}, with |
---|
435 | the Front-Cover Texts being @var{list}, and with the Back-Cover Texts |
---|
436 | being @var{list}. |
---|
437 | @end group |
---|
438 | @end smallexample |
---|
439 | |
---|
440 | If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other |
---|
441 | combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the |
---|
442 | situation. |
---|
443 | |
---|
444 | If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we |
---|
445 | recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of |
---|
446 | free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, |
---|
447 | to permit their use in free software. |
---|
448 | |
---|
449 | @c Local Variables: |
---|
450 | @c ispell-local-pdict: "ispell-dict" |
---|
451 | @c End: |
---|
452 | |
---|