| 1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1998-2000 Sendmail, Inc. and its suppliers. |
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| 2 | .\" All rights reserved. |
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| 3 | .\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1997 Eric P. Allman. All rights reserved. |
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| 4 | .\" Copyright (c) 1985, 1991, 1993 |
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| 5 | .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. |
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| 6 | .\" |
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| 7 | .\" By using this file, you agree to the terms and conditions set |
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| 8 | .\" forth in the LICENSE file which can be found at the top level of |
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| 9 | .\" the sendmail distribution. |
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| 10 | .\" |
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| 11 | .\" |
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| 12 | .\" $Id: aliases.5,v 1.1.1.1 2003-04-08 15:11:45 zacheiss Exp $ |
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| 13 | .\" |
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| 14 | .TH ALIASES 5 "$Date: 2003-04-08 15:11:45 $" |
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| 15 | .SH NAME |
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| 16 | aliases |
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| 17 | \- aliases file for sendmail |
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| 18 | .SH SYNOPSIS |
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| 19 | .B aliases |
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| 20 | .SH DESCRIPTION |
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| 21 | This file describes user |
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| 22 | ID |
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| 23 | aliases used by |
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| 24 | sendmail. |
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| 25 | The file resides in |
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| 26 | /etc/mail |
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| 27 | and |
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| 28 | is formatted as a series of lines of the form |
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| 29 | .IP |
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| 30 | name: addr_1, addr_2, addr_3, . . . |
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| 31 | .PP |
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| 32 | The |
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| 33 | .I name |
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| 34 | is the name to alias, and the |
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| 35 | .I addr_n |
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| 36 | are the aliases for that name. |
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| 37 | .I addr_n |
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| 38 | can be another alias, a local username, a local filename, |
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| 39 | a command, |
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| 40 | an include file, |
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| 41 | or an external address. |
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| 42 | .TP |
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| 43 | .B Local Username |
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| 44 | username |
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| 45 | .IP |
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| 46 | The username must be available via getpwnam(3). |
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| 47 | .TP |
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| 48 | .B Local Filename |
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| 49 | /path/name |
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| 50 | .IP |
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| 51 | Messages are appended to the file specified by the full pathname |
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| 52 | (starting with a slash (/)) |
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| 53 | .TP |
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| 54 | .B Command |
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| 55 | |command |
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| 56 | .IP |
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| 57 | A command starts with a pipe symbol (|), |
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| 58 | it receives messages via standard input. |
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| 59 | .TP |
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| 60 | .B Include File |
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| 61 | :include: /path/name |
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| 62 | .IP |
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| 63 | The aliases in pathname are added to the aliases for |
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| 64 | .I name. |
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| 65 | .TP |
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| 66 | .B E-Mail Address |
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| 67 | user@domain |
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| 68 | .IP |
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| 69 | An e-mail address in RFC 822 format. |
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| 70 | .PP |
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| 71 | Lines beginning with white space are continuation lines. |
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| 72 | Another way to continue lines is by placing a backslash |
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| 73 | directly before a newline. |
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| 74 | Lines beginning with |
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| 75 | # |
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| 76 | are comments. |
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| 77 | .PP |
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| 78 | Aliasing occurs only on local names. |
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| 79 | Loops can not occur, since no message will be sent to any person more than once. |
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| 80 | .PP |
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| 81 | After aliasing has been done, local and valid recipients who have a |
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| 82 | ``.forward'' |
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| 83 | file in their home directory have messages forwarded to the |
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| 84 | list of users defined in that file. |
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| 85 | .PP |
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| 86 | This is only the raw data file; the actual aliasing information is |
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| 87 | placed into a binary format in the file |
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| 88 | /etc/mail/aliases.db |
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| 89 | using the program |
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| 90 | newaliases(1). |
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| 91 | A |
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| 92 | newaliases |
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| 93 | command should be executed each time the aliases file is changed for the |
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| 94 | change to take effect. |
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| 95 | .SH SEE ALSO |
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| 96 | newaliases(1), |
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| 97 | dbm(3), |
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| 98 | dbopen(3), |
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| 99 | db_open(3), |
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| 100 | sendmail(8) |
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| 101 | .PP |
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| 102 | .I |
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| 103 | SENDMAIL Installation and Operation Guide. |
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| 104 | .PP |
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| 105 | .I |
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| 106 | SENDMAIL An Internetwork Mail Router. |
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| 107 | .SH BUGS |
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| 108 | If you have compiled |
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| 109 | sendmail |
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| 110 | with DBM support instead of NEWDB, |
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| 111 | you may have encountered problems in |
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| 112 | dbm(3) |
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| 113 | restricting a single alias to about 1000 bytes of information. |
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| 114 | You can get longer aliases by ``chaining''; that is, make the last name in |
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| 115 | the alias be a dummy name which is a continuation alias. |
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| 116 | .SH HISTORY |
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| 117 | The |
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| 118 | .B aliases |
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| 119 | file format appeared in |
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| 120 | 4.0BSD. |
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