wiki:TracIni

Version 2 (modified by trac, 12 years ago) (diff)

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The Trac Configuration File

Trac configuration is done by editing the trac.ini config file, located in <projectenv>/conf/trac.ini. Changes to the configuration are usually reflected immediately, though changes to the [components] or [logging] sections will require restarting the web server. You may also need to restart the web server after creating a global configuration file when none was previously present.

The trac.ini configuration file should be writable by the web server, as Trac currently relies on the possibility to trigger a complete environment reload to flush its caches.

Global Configuration

In versions prior to 0.11, the global configuration was by default located in $prefix/share/trac/conf/trac.ini or /etc/trac/trac.ini, depending on the distribution. If you're upgrading, you may want to specify that file to inherit from. Literally, when you're upgrading to 0.11, you have to add an [inherit] section to your project's trac.ini file. Additionally, you have to move your customized templates and common images from $prefix/share/trac/... to the new location.

Global options will be merged with the environment-specific options, where local options override global options. The options file is specified as follows:

[inherit]
file = /path/to/global/trac.ini

Multiple files can be specified using a comma-separated list.

Note that you can also specify a global option file when creating a new project, by adding the option --inherit=/path/to/global/trac.ini to trac-admin's initenv command. If you do not do this but nevertheless intend to use a global option file with your new environment, you will have to go through the newly generated conf/trac.ini file and delete the entries that will otherwise override those set in the global file.

There are two more entries in the [inherit] section, templates_dir for sharing global templates and plugins_dir, for sharing plugins. Those entries can themselves be specified in the shared configuration file, and in fact, configuration files can even be chained if you specify another [inherit] file there.

Note that the templates found in the templates/ directory of the TracEnvironment have precedence over those found in [inherit] templates_dir. In turn, the latter have precedence over the installed templates, so be careful about what you put there, notably if you override a default template be sure to refresh your modifications when you upgrade to a new version of Trac (the preferred way to perform TracInterfaceCustomization being still to write a custom plugin doing an appropriate ITemplateStreamFilter transformation).

Reference for settings

This is a brief reference of available configuration options, and their default settings.

[attachment]

max_sizeMaximum allowed file size (in bytes) for ticket and wiki attachments.
render_unsafe_contentWhether attachments should be rendered in the browser, or only made downloadable. Pretty much any file may be interpreted as HTML by the browser, which allows a malicious user to attach a file containing cross-site scripting attacks. For public sites where anonymous users can create attachments it is recommended to leave this option disabled (which is the default).

[browser]

color_scaleEnable colorization of the age column. This uses the same color scale as the source code annotation: blue is older, red is newer. (since 0.11)
downloadable_pathsList of repository paths that can be downloaded. Leave the option empty if you want to disable all downloads, otherwise set it to a comma-separated list of authorized paths (those paths are glob patterns, i.e. "*" can be used as a wild card) (since 0.10)
hide_propertiesComma-separated list of version control properties to hide from the repository browser. (since 0.9)
intermediate_color(r,g,b) color triple to use for the color corresponding to the intermediate color, if two linear interpolations are used for the color scale (see intermediate_point). If not set, the intermediate color between oldest_color and newest_color will be used. (since 0.11)
intermediate_pointIf set to a value between 0 and 1 (exclusive), this will be the point chosen to set the intermediate_color for interpolating the color value. (since 0.11)
newest_color(r,g,b) color triple to use for the color corresponding to the newest color, for the color scale used in blame or the browser age column if color_scale is enabled. (since 0.11)
oldest_color(r,g,b) color triple to use for the color corresponding to the oldest color, for the color scale used in blame or the browser age column if color_scale is enabled. (since 0.11)
oneliner_propertiesComma-separated list of version control properties to render as oneliner wiki content in the repository browser. (since 0.11)
render_unsafe_contentWhether raw files should be rendered in the browser, or only made downloadable. Pretty much any file may be interpreted as HTML by the browser, which allows a malicious user to create a file containing cross-site scripting attacks. For open repositories where anyone can check-in a file, it is recommended to leave this option disabled (which is the default).
wiki_propertiesComma-separated list of version control properties to render as wiki content in the repository browser. (since 0.11)

[changeset]

max_diff_bytesMaximum total size in bytes of the modified files (their old size plus their new size) for which the changeset view will attempt to show the diffs inlined (since 0.10).
max_diff_filesMaximum number of modified files for which the changeset view will attempt to show the diffs inlined (since 0.10).
wiki_format_messagesWhether wiki formatting should be applied to changeset messages. If this option is disabled, changeset messages will be rendered as pre-formatted text.

[git]

cached_repositorywrap GitRepository in CachedRepository
git_binpath to git executable (relative to trac project folder!)
git_fs_encodingdefine charset encoding of paths within git repository
persistent_cacheenable persistent caching of commit tree
projects_basePath to the base of your git projects
projects_listPath to a gitweb-formatted projects.list
projects_urlTemplate for project URLs. %s will be replaced with the repo name
shortrev_lenlength rev sha sums should be tried to be abbreviated to (must be >= 4 and <= 40)
trac_user_rlookupenable reverse mapping of git email addresses to trac user ids
use_committer_iduse git-committer id instead of git-author id as changeset owner
use_committer_timeuse git-committer-author timestamp instead of git-author timestamp as changeset timestamp
wiki_shortrev_lenminimum length of hex-string for which auto-detection as sha id is performed (must be >= 4 and <= 40)

[header_logo]

altAlternative text for the header logo.
heightHeight of the header logo image in pixels.
linkURL to link to, from the header logo.
srcURL of the image to use as header logo. It can be absolute, server relative or relative. If relative, it is relative to one of the /chrome locations: site/your-logo.png if your-logo.png is located in the htdocs folder within your TracEnvironment; common/your-logo.png if your-logo.png is located in the folder mapped to the htdocs_location URL. Only specifying your-logo.png is equivalent to the latter.
widthWidth of the header logo image in pixels.

[inherit]

plugins_dirPath to the shared plugins directory. Plugins in that directory are loaded in addition to those in the directory of the environment plugins, with this one taking precedence. (since 0.11)
templates_dirPath to the shared templates directory. Templates in that directory are loaded in addition to those in the environments templates directory, but the latter take precedence. (since 0.11)

[logging]

log_fileIf log_type is file, this should be a path to the log-file. Relative paths are resolved relative to the log directory of the environment.
log_formatCustom logging format. If nothing is set, the following will be used: Trac[$(module)s] $(levelname)s: $(message)s In addition to regular key names supported by the Python logger library (see  http://docs.python.org/library/logging.html), one could use: - $(path)s the path for the current environment - $(basename)s the last path component of the current environment - $(project)s the project name Note the usage of $(...)s instead of %(...)s as the latter form would be interpreted by the ConfigParser? itself. Example: ($(thread)d) Trac[$(basename)s:$(module)s] $(levelname)s: $(message)s (since 0.10.5)
log_levelLevel of verbosity in log. Should be one of (CRITICAL, ERROR, WARN, INFO, DEBUG).
log_typeLogging facility to use. Should be one of (none, file, stderr, syslog, winlog).

[milestone]

stats_providerName of the component implementing ITicketGroupStatsProvider, which is used to collect statistics on groups of tickets for display in the milestone views.

[mimeviewer]

max_preview_sizeMaximum file size for HTML preview. (since 0.9)
mime_mapList of additional MIME types and keyword mappings. Mappings are comma-separated, and for each MIME type, there's a colon (":") separated list of associated keywords or file extensions. (since 0.10)
tab_widthDisplayed tab width in file preview. (since 0.9)
treat_as_binaryComma-separated list of MIME types that should be treated as binary data. (since 0.11.5)

[notification]

admit_domainsComma-separated list of domains that should be considered as valid for email addresses (such as localdomain).
always_notify_ownerAlways send notifications to the ticket owner (since 0.9).
always_notify_reporterAlways send notifications to any address in the reporter field.
always_notify_updaterAlways send notifications to the person who causes the ticket property change and to any previous updater of that ticket.
ambiguous_char_widthWhich width of ambiguous characters (e.g. 'single' or 'double') should be used in the table of notification mail. If 'single', the same width as characters in US-ASCII. This is expected by most users. If 'double', twice the width of US-ASCII characters. This is expected by CJK users. (since 0.12.2)
email_senderName of the component implementing IEmailSender. This component is used by the notification system to send emails. Trac currently provides SmtpEmailSender for connecting to an SMTP server, and SendmailEmailSender for running a sendmail-compatible executable. (since 0.12)
ignore_domainsComma-separated list of domains that should not be considered part of email addresses (for usernames with Kerberos domains).
mime_encodingSpecifies the MIME encoding scheme for emails. Valid options are 'base64' for Base64 encoding, 'qp' for Quoted-Printable, and 'none' for no encoding, in which case mails will be sent as 7bit if the content is all ASCII, or 8bit otherwise. (since 0.10)
sendmail_pathPath to the sendmail executable. The sendmail program must accept the -i and -f options. (since 0.12)
smtp_always_bccEmail address(es) to always send notifications to, addresses do not appear publicly (Bcc:). (since 0.10).
smtp_always_ccEmail address(es) to always send notifications to, addresses can be seen by all recipients (Cc:).
smtp_default_domainDefault host/domain to append to address that do not specify one.
smtp_enabledEnable email notification.
smtp_fromSender address to use in notification emails.
smtp_from_nameSender name to use in notification emails.
smtp_passwordPassword for SMTP server. (since 0.9)
smtp_portSMTP server port to use for email notification.
smtp_replytoReply-To address to use in notification emails.
smtp_serverSMTP server hostname to use for email notifications.
smtp_subject_prefixText to prepend to subject line of notification emails. If the setting is not defined, then the [$project_name] prefix. If no prefix is desired, then specifying an empty option will disable it. (since 0.10.1).
smtp_userUsername for SMTP server. (since 0.9)
ticket_subject_templateA Genshi text template snippet used to get the notification subject. By default, the subject template is $prefix #$ticket.id: $summary. $prefix being the value of the smtp_subject_prefix option. (since 0.11)
use_public_ccRecipients can see email addresses of other CC'ed recipients. If this option is disabled (the default), recipients are put on BCC. (since 0.10)
use_short_addrPermit email address without a host/domain (i.e. username only). The SMTP server should accept those addresses, and either append a FQDN or use local delivery. (since 0.10)
use_tlsUse SSL/TLS to send notifications over SMTP. (since 0.10)

[project]

adminE-Mail address of the project's administrator.
admin_trac_urlBase URL of a Trac instance where errors in this Trac should be reported. This can be an absolute or relative URL, or '.' to reference this Trac instance. An empty value will disable the reporting buttons. (since 0.11.3)
descrShort description of the project.
footerPage footer text (right-aligned).
iconURL of the icon of the project.
nameName of the project.
urlURL of the main project web site, usually the website in which the base_url resides. This is used in notification e-mails.

[query]

default_anonymous_queryThe default query for anonymous users. The query is either in query language syntax, or a URL query string starting with ? as used in query: Trac links. (since 0.11.2)
default_queryThe default query for authenticated users. The query is either in query language syntax, or a URL query string starting with ? as used in query: Trac links. (since 0.11.2)
items_per_pageNumber of tickets displayed per page in ticket queries, by default (since 0.11)
ticketlink_queryThe base query to be used when linkifying values of ticket fields. The query is a URL query string starting with ? as used in query: Trac links. (since 0.12)

[revisionlog]

default_log_limitDefault value for the limit argument in the TracRevisionLog (since 0.11).

[roadmap]

stats_providerName of the component implementing ITicketGroupStatsProvider, which is used to collect statistics on groups of tickets for display in the roadmap views.

[search]

default_disabled_filtersSpecifies which search filters should be disabled by default on the search page. This will also restrict the filters for the quick search function. The filter names defined by default components are: wiki, ticket, milestone and changeset. For plugins, look for their implementation of the ISearchSource interface, in the get_search_filters() method, the first member of returned tuple. Once disabled, search filters can still be manually enabled by the user on the search page. (since 0.12)
min_query_lengthMinimum length of query string allowed when performing a search.

[sqlite]

extensionsPaths to sqlite extensions, relative to Trac environment's directory or absolute. (since 0.12)

[svn]

branchesComma separated list of paths categorized as branches. If a path ends with '*', then all the directory entries found below that path will be included. Example: /trunk, /branches/*, /projectAlpha/trunk, /sandbox/*
tagsComma separated list of paths categorized as tags. If a path ends with '*', then all the directory entries found below that path will be included. Example: /tags/*, /projectAlpha/tags/A-1.0, /projectAlpha/tags/A-v1.1

[ticket]

default_ccDefault cc: list for newly created tickets.
default_componentDefault component for newly created tickets.
default_descriptionDefault description for newly created tickets.
default_keywordsDefault keywords for newly created tickets.
default_milestoneDefault milestone for newly created tickets.
default_ownerDefault owner for newly created tickets.
default_priorityDefault priority for newly created tickets.
default_resolutionDefault resolution for resolving (closing) tickets (since 0.11).
default_severityDefault severity for newly created tickets.
default_summaryDefault summary (title) for newly created tickets.
default_typeDefault type for newly created tickets (since 0.9).
default_versionDefault version for newly created tickets.
max_comment_sizeDon't accept tickets with a too big comment. (since 0.11.2)
max_description_sizeDon't accept tickets with a too big description. (since 0.11).
preserve_newlinesWhether Wiki formatter should respect the new lines present in the Wiki text. If set to 'default', this is equivalent to 'yes' for new environments but keeps the old behavior for upgraded environments (i.e. 'no'). (since 0.11).
restrict_ownerMake the owner field of tickets use a drop-down menu. Be sure to understand the performance implications before activating this option. See Assign-to as Drop-Down List. Please note that e-mail addresses are not obfuscated in the resulting drop-down menu, so this option should not be used if e-mail addresses must remain protected. (since 0.9)
workflowOrdered list of workflow controllers to use for ticket actions (since 0.11).

[timeline]

abbreviated_messagesWhether wiki-formatted event messages should be truncated or not. This only affects the default rendering, and can be overriden by specific event providers, see their own documentation. (Since 0.11)
changeset_collapse_eventsWhether consecutive changesets from the same author having exactly the same message should be presented as one event. That event will link to the range of changesets in the log view. (since 0.11)
changeset_long_messagesWhether wiki-formatted changeset messages should be multiline or not. If this option is not specified or is false and wiki_format_messages is set to true, changeset messages will be single line only, losing some formatting (bullet points, etc).
changeset_show_filesNumber of files to show (-1 for unlimited, 0 to disable). This can also be location, for showing the common prefix for the changed files. (since 0.11).
default_daysbackDefault number of days displayed in the Timeline, in days. (since 0.9.)
max_daysbackMaximum number of days (-1 for unlimited) displayable in the Timeline. (since 0.11)
newticket_formatterWhich formatter flavor (e.g. 'html' or 'oneliner') should be used when presenting the description for new tickets. If 'oneliner', the [timeline] abbreviated_messages option applies. (since 0.11).
ticket_show_detailsEnable the display of all ticket changes in the timeline, not only open / close operations (since 0.9).

[trac]

auth_cookie_lifetimeLifetime of the authentication cookie, in seconds. This value determines how long the browser will cache authentication information, and therefore, after how much inactivity a user will have to log in again. The default value of 0 makes the cookie expire at the end of the browsing session. (since 0.12)
auth_cookie_pathPath for the authentication cookie. Set this to the common base path of several Trac instances if you want them to share the cookie. (since 0.12)
authz_fileThe path to the Subversion  authorization (authz) file. To enable authz permission checking, the AuthzSourcePolicy permission policy must be added to [trac] permission_policies.
authz_module_nameThe module prefix used in the authz_file for the default repository. If left empty, the global section is used.
auto_preview_timeoutInactivity timeout in seconds after which the automatic wiki preview triggers an update. This option can contain floating-point values. The lower the setting, the more requests will be made to the server. Set this to 0 to disable automatic preview. The default is 2.0 seconds. (since 0.12)
auto_reloadAutomatically reload template files after modification.
backup_dirDatabase backup location
base_urlReference URL for the Trac deployment. This is the base URL that will be used when producing documents that will be used outside of the web browsing context, like for example when inserting URLs pointing to Trac resources in notification e-mails.
check_auth_ipWhether the IP address of the user should be checked for authentication (since 0.9).
databaseDatabase connection string for this project
debug_sqlShow the SQL queries in the Trac log, at DEBUG level. (Since 0.11.5)
default_charsetCharset to be used when in doubt.
default_handlerName of the component that handles requests to the base URL. Options include TimelineModule, RoadmapModule, BrowserModule, QueryModule, ReportModule, TicketModule and WikiModule. The default is WikiModule. (since 0.9)
default_languageThe preferred language to use if no user preference has been set. (since 0.12.1)
default_timezoneThe default timezone to use
genshi_cache_sizeThe maximum number of templates that the template loader will cache in memory. The default value is 128. You may want to choose a higher value if your site uses a larger number of templates, and you have enough memory to spare, or you can reduce it if you are short on memory.
htdocs_locationBase URL for serving the core static resources below /chrome/common/. It can be left empty, and Trac will simply serve those resources itself. Advanced users can use this together with trac-admin ... deploy <deploydir> to allow serving the static resources for Trac directly from the web server. Note however that this only applies to the <deploydir>/htdocs/common directory, the other deployed resources (i.e. those from plugins) will not be made available this way and additional rewrite rules will be needed in the web server.
ignore_auth_caseWhether login names should be converted to lower case (since 0.9).
mainnavOrder of the items to display in the mainnav navigation bar, listed by IDs. See also TracNavigation.
metanavOrder of the items to display in the metanav navigation bar, listed by IDs. See also TracNavigation.
mysqldump_pathLocation of mysqldump for MySQL database backups
never_obfuscate_mailtoNever obfuscate mailto: links explicitly written in the wiki, even if show_email_addresses is false or the user has not the EMAIL_VIEW permission (since 0.11.6).
permission_policiesList of components implementing IPermissionPolicy, in the order in which they will be applied. These components manage fine-grained access control to Trac resources. Defaults to the DefaultPermissionPolicy? (pre-0.11 behavior) and LegacyAttachmentPolicy? (map ATTACHMENT_* permissions to realm specific ones)
permission_storeName of the component implementing IPermissionStore, which is used for managing user and group permissions.
pg_dump_pathLocation of pg_dump for Postgres database backups
repository_dirPath to the default repository. This can also be a relative path (since 0.11). This option is deprecated, and repositories should be defined in the repositories section, or using the "Repositories" admin panel. (since 0.12)
repository_sync_per_requestList of repositories that should be synchronized on every page request. Leave this option empty if you have set up post-commit hooks calling trac-admin $ENV changeset added on all your repositories (recommended). Otherwise, set it to a comma-separated list of repository names. Note that this will negatively affect performance, and will prevent changeset listeners from receiving events from the repositories specified here. The default is to synchronize the default repository, for backward compatibility. (since 0.12)
repository_typeDefault repository connector type. (since 0.10) This is also used as the default repository type for repositories defined in TracIni#repositories-section repositories or using the "Repositories" admin panel. (since 0.12)
request_filtersOrdered list of filters to apply to all requests (since 0.10).
resizable_textareasMake <textarea> fields resizable. Requires JavaScript. (since 0.12)
secure_cookiesRestrict cookies to HTTPS connections. When true, set the secure flag on all cookies so that they are only sent to the server on HTTPS connections. Use this if your Trac instance is only accessible through HTTPS. (since 0.11.2)
show_email_addressesShow email addresses instead of usernames. If false, we obfuscate email addresses. (since 0.11)
show_ip_addressesShow IP addresses for resource edits (e.g. wiki). (since 0.11.3)
timeoutTimeout value for database connection, in seconds. Use '0' to specify no timeout. (Since 0.11)
use_base_url_for_redirectOptionally use [trac] base_url for redirects. In some configurations, usually involving running Trac behind a HTTP proxy, Trac can't automatically reconstruct the URL that is used to access it. You may need to use this option to force Trac to use the base_url setting also for redirects. This introduces the obvious limitation that this environment will only be usable when accessible from that URL, as redirects are frequently used. (since 0.10.5)

[versioncontrol]

allowed_repository_dir_prefixesComma-separated list of allowed prefixes for repository directories when adding and editing repositories in the repository admin panel. If the list is empty, all repository directories are allowed. (since 0.12.1)

[wiki]

ignore_missing_pagesEnable/disable highlighting CamelCase links to missing pages (since 0.9).
max_sizeMaximum allowed wiki page size in bytes. (since 0.11.2)
render_unsafe_contentEnable/disable the use of unsafe HTML tags such as <script> or <embed> with the HTML WikiProcessor (since 0.10.4). For public sites where anonymous users can edit the wiki it is recommended to leave this option disabled (which is the default).
safe_schemesList of URI schemes considered "safe", that will be rendered as external links even if [wiki] render_unsafe_content is false. (since 0.11.8)
split_page_namesEnable/disable splitting the WikiPageNames with space characters (since 0.10).

Reference for special sections

  1. [components]
  2. [milestone-groups]
  3. [repositories]
  4. [svn:externals]
  5. [ticket-custom]
  6. [ticket-workflow]

[components]

This section is used to enable or disable components provided by plugins, as well as by Trac itself. The component to enable/disable is specified via the name of the option. Whether its enabled is determined by the option value; setting the value to enabled or on will enable the component, any other value (typically disabled or off) will disable the component.

The option name is either the fully qualified name of the components or the module/package prefix of the component. The former enables/disables a specific component, while the latter enables/disables any component in the specified package/module.

Consider the following configuration snippet:

[components]
trac.ticket.report.ReportModule = disabled
webadmin.* = enabled

The first option tells Trac to disable the report module. The second option instructs Trac to enable all components in the webadmin package. Note that the trailing wildcard is required for module/package matching.

See the Plugins page on About Trac to get the list of active components (requires CONFIG_VIEW permissions.)

See also: TracPlugins

[milestone-groups]

(since 0.11)

As the workflow for tickets is now configurable, there can be many ticket states, and simply displaying closed tickets vs. all the others is maybe not appropriate in all cases. This section enables one to easily create groups of states that will be shown in different colors in the milestone progress bar.

Example configuration (the default only has closed and active):

closed = closed
# sequence number in the progress bar
closed.order = 0
# optional extra param for the query (two additional columns: created and modified and sort on created)
closed.query_args = group=resolution,order=time,col=id,col=summary,col=owner,col=type,col=priority,col=component,col=severity,col=time,col=changetime
# indicates groups that count for overall completion percentage
closed.overall_completion = true

new = new
new.order = 1
new.css_class = new
new.label = new

# one catch-all group is allowed
active = *
active.order = 2
# CSS class for this interval
active.css_class = open
# Displayed label for this group
active.label = in progress

The definition consists in a comma-separated list of accepted status. Also, '*' means any status and could be used to associate all remaining states to one catch-all group.

The CSS class can be one of: new (yellow), open (no color) or closed (green). New styles can easily be added using the following selector: table.progress td.<class>

[repositories]

(since 0.12 multirepos)

One of the alternatives for registering new repositories is to populate the [repositories] section of the trac.ini.

This is especially suited for setting up convenience aliases, short-lived repositories, or during the initial phases of an installation.

See TracRepositoryAdmin for details about the format adopted for this section and the rest of that page for the other alternatives.

[svn:externals]

(since 0.11)

The TracBrowser for Subversion can interpret the svn:externals property of folders. By default, it only turns the URLs into links as Trac can't browse remote repositories.

However, if you have another Trac instance (or an other repository browser like  ViewVC) configured to browse the target repository, then you can instruct Trac which other repository browser to use for which external URL.

This mapping is done in the [svn:externals] section of the TracIni

Example:

[svn:externals]
1 = svn://server/repos1                       http://trac/proj1/browser/$path?rev=$rev
2 = svn://server/repos2                       http://trac/proj2/browser/$path?rev=$rev
3 = http://theirserver.org/svn/eng-soft       http://ourserver/viewvc/svn/$path/?pathrev=25914
4 = svn://anotherserver.com/tools_repository  http://ourserver/tracs/tools/browser/$path?rev=$rev

With the above, the svn://anotherserver.com/tools_repository/tags/1.1/tools external will be mapped to http://ourserver/tracs/tools/browser/tags/1.1/tools?rev= (and rev will be set to the appropriate revision number if the external additionally specifies a revision, see the  SVN Book on externals for more details).

Note that the number used as a key in the above section is purely used as a place holder, as the URLs themselves can't be used as a key due to various limitations in the configuration file parser.

Finally, the relative URLs introduced in  Subversion 1.5 are not yet supported.

[ticket-custom]

In this section, you can define additional fields for tickets. See TracTicketsCustomFields for more details.

[ticket-workflow]

(since 0.11)

The workflow for tickets is controlled by plugins. By default, there's only a ConfigurableTicketWorkflow component in charge. That component allows the workflow to be configured via this section in the trac.ini file. See TracWorkflow for more details.


See also: TracGuide, TracAdmin, TracEnvironment