1 | Installation Instructions |
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2 | ************************* |
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3 | |
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4 | Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, |
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5 | 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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6 | |
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7 | This file is free documentation; the Free Software Foundation gives |
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8 | unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it. |
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9 | |
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10 | Basic Installation |
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11 | ================== |
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12 | |
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13 | Briefly, the shell commands `./configure; make; make install' should |
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14 | configure, build, and install this package. The following |
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15 | more-detailed instructions are generic; see the `README' file for |
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16 | instructions specific to this package. |
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17 | |
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18 | The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for |
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19 | various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses |
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20 | those values to create a `Makefile' in each directory of the package. |
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21 | It may also create one or more `.h' files containing system-dependent |
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22 | definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script `config.status' that |
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23 | you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, and a |
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24 | file `config.log' containing compiler output (useful mainly for |
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25 | debugging `configure'). |
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26 | |
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27 | It can also use an optional file (typically called `config.cache' |
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28 | and enabled with `--cache-file=config.cache' or simply `-C') that saves |
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29 | the results of its tests to speed up reconfiguring. Caching is |
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30 | disabled by default to prevent problems with accidental use of stale |
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31 | cache files. |
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32 | |
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33 | If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try |
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34 | to figure out how `configure' could check whether to do them, and mail |
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35 | diffs or instructions to the address given in the `README' so they can |
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36 | be considered for the next release. If you are using the cache, and at |
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37 | some point `config.cache' contains results you don't want to keep, you |
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38 | may remove or edit it. |
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39 | |
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40 | The file `configure.ac' (or `configure.in') is used to create |
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41 | `configure' by a program called `autoconf'. You need `configure.ac' if |
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42 | you want to change it or regenerate `configure' using a newer version |
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43 | of `autoconf'. |
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44 | |
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45 | The simplest way to compile this package is: |
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46 | |
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47 | 1. `cd' to the directory containing the package's source code and type |
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48 | `./configure' to configure the package for your system. |
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49 | |
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50 | Running `configure' might take a while. While running, it prints |
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51 | some messages telling which features it is checking for. |
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52 | |
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53 | 2. Type `make' to compile the package. |
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54 | |
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55 | 3. Optionally, type `make check' to run any self-tests that come with |
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56 | the package. |
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57 | |
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58 | 4. Type `make install' to install the programs and any data files and |
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59 | documentation. |
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60 | |
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61 | 5. You can remove the program binaries and object files from the |
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62 | source code directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the |
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63 | files that `configure' created (so you can compile the package for |
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64 | a different kind of computer), type `make distclean'. There is |
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65 | also a `make maintainer-clean' target, but that is intended mainly |
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66 | for the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get |
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67 | all sorts of other programs in order to regenerate files that came |
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68 | with the distribution. |
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69 | |
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70 | 6. Often, you can also type `make uninstall' to remove the installed |
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71 | files again. |
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72 | |
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73 | Compilers and Options |
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74 | ===================== |
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75 | |
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76 | Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that |
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77 | the `configure' script does not know about. Run `./configure --help' |
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78 | for details on some of the pertinent environment variables. |
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79 | |
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80 | You can give `configure' initial values for configuration parameters |
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81 | by setting variables in the command line or in the environment. Here |
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82 | is an example: |
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83 | |
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84 | ./configure CC=c99 CFLAGS=-g LIBS=-lposix |
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85 | |
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86 | *Note Defining Variables::, for more details. |
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87 | |
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88 | Compiling For Multiple Architectures |
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89 | ==================================== |
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90 | |
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91 | You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the |
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92 | same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their |
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93 | own directory. To do this, you can use GNU `make'. `cd' to the |
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94 | directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run |
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95 | the `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the |
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96 | source code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'. |
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97 | |
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98 | With a non-GNU `make', it is safer to compile the package for one |
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99 | architecture at a time in the source code directory. After you have |
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100 | installed the package for one architecture, use `make distclean' before |
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101 | reconfiguring for another architecture. |
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102 | |
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103 | On MacOS X 10.5 and later systems, you can create libraries and |
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104 | executables that work on multiple system types--known as "fat" or |
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105 | "universal" binaries--by specifying multiple `-arch' options to the |
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106 | compiler but only a single `-arch' option to the preprocessor. Like |
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107 | this: |
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108 | |
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109 | ./configure CC="gcc -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \ |
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110 | CXX="g++ -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \ |
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111 | CPP="gcc -E" CXXCPP="g++ -E" |
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112 | |
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113 | This is not guaranteed to produce working output in all cases, you |
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114 | may have to build one architecture at a time and combine the results |
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115 | using the `lipo' tool if you have problems. |
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116 | |
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117 | Installation Names |
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118 | ================== |
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119 | |
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120 | By default, `make install' installs the package's commands under |
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121 | `/usr/local/bin', include files under `/usr/local/include', etc. You |
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122 | can specify an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving |
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123 | `configure' the option `--prefix=PREFIX'. |
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124 | |
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125 | You can specify separate installation prefixes for |
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126 | architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you |
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127 | pass the option `--exec-prefix=PREFIX' to `configure', the package uses |
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128 | PREFIX as the prefix for installing programs and libraries. |
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129 | Documentation and other data files still use the regular prefix. |
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130 | |
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131 | In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give |
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132 | options like `--bindir=DIR' to specify different values for particular |
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133 | kinds of files. Run `configure --help' for a list of the directories |
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134 | you can set and what kinds of files go in them. |
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135 | |
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136 | If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed |
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137 | with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving `configure' the |
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138 | option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'. |
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139 | |
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140 | Optional Features |
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141 | ================= |
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142 | |
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143 | Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to |
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144 | `configure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package. |
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145 | They may also pay attention to `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE |
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146 | is something like `gnu-as' or `x' (for the X Window System). The |
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147 | `README' should mention any `--enable-' and `--with-' options that the |
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148 | package recognizes. |
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149 | |
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150 | For packages that use the X Window System, `configure' can usually |
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151 | find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't, |
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152 | you can use the `configure' options `--x-includes=DIR' and |
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153 | `--x-libraries=DIR' to specify their locations. |
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154 | |
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155 | Particular systems |
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156 | ================== |
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157 | |
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158 | On HP-UX, the default C compiler is not ANSI C compatible. If GNU |
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159 | CC is not installed, it is recommended to use the following options in |
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160 | order to use an ANSI C compiler: |
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161 | |
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162 | ./configure CC="cc -Ae -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500" |
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163 | |
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164 | and if that doesn't work, install pre-built binaries of GCC for HP-UX. |
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165 | |
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166 | On OSF/1 a.k.a. Tru64, some versions of the default C compiler cannot |
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167 | parse its `<wchar.h>' header file. The option `-nodtk' can be used as |
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168 | a workaround. If GNU CC is not installed, it is therefore recommended |
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169 | to try |
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170 | |
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171 | ./configure CC="cc" |
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172 | |
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173 | and if that doesn't work, try |
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174 | |
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175 | ./configure CC="cc -nodtk" |
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176 | |
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177 | On Solaris, don't put `/usr/ucb' early in your `PATH'. This |
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178 | directory contains several dysfunctional programs; working variants of |
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179 | these programs are available in `/usr/bin'. So, if you need `/usr/ucb' |
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180 | in your `PATH', put it _after_ `/usr/bin'. |
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181 | |
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182 | On Haiku, software installed for all users goes in `/boot/common', |
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183 | not `/usr/local'. It is recommended to use the following options: |
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184 | |
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185 | ./configure --prefix=/boot/common |
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186 | |
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187 | Specifying the System Type |
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188 | ========================== |
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189 | |
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190 | There may be some features `configure' cannot figure out |
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191 | automatically, but needs to determine by the type of machine the package |
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192 | will run on. Usually, assuming the package is built to be run on the |
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193 | _same_ architectures, `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints |
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194 | a message saying it cannot guess the machine type, give it the |
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195 | `--build=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system |
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196 | type, such as `sun4', or a canonical name which has the form: |
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197 | |
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198 | CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM |
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199 | |
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200 | where SYSTEM can have one of these forms: |
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201 | |
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202 | OS |
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203 | KERNEL-OS |
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204 | |
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205 | See the file `config.sub' for the possible values of each field. If |
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206 | `config.sub' isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't |
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207 | need to know the machine type. |
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208 | |
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209 | If you are _building_ compiler tools for cross-compiling, you should |
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210 | use the option `--target=TYPE' to select the type of system they will |
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211 | produce code for. |
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212 | |
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213 | If you want to _use_ a cross compiler, that generates code for a |
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214 | platform different from the build platform, you should specify the |
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215 | "host" platform (i.e., that on which the generated programs will |
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216 | eventually be run) with `--host=TYPE'. |
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217 | |
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218 | Sharing Defaults |
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219 | ================ |
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220 | |
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221 | If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share, |
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222 | you can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives |
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223 | default values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'. |
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224 | `configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then |
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225 | `PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the |
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226 | `CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script. |
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227 | A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script. |
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228 | |
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229 | Defining Variables |
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230 | ================== |
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231 | |
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232 | Variables not defined in a site shell script can be set in the |
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233 | environment passed to `configure'. However, some packages may run |
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234 | configure again during the build, and the customized values of these |
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235 | variables may be lost. In order to avoid this problem, you should set |
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236 | them in the `configure' command line, using `VAR=value'. For example: |
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237 | |
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238 | ./configure CC=/usr/local2/bin/gcc |
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239 | |
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240 | causes the specified `gcc' to be used as the C compiler (unless it is |
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241 | overridden in the site shell script). |
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242 | |
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243 | Unfortunately, this technique does not work for `CONFIG_SHELL' due to |
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244 | an Autoconf bug. Until the bug is fixed you can use this workaround: |
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245 | |
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246 | CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash /bin/bash ./configure CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash |
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247 | |
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248 | `configure' Invocation |
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249 | ====================== |
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250 | |
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251 | `configure' recognizes the following options to control how it |
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252 | operates. |
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253 | |
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254 | `--help' |
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255 | `-h' |
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256 | Print a summary of all of the options to `configure', and exit. |
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257 | |
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258 | `--help=short' |
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259 | `--help=recursive' |
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260 | Print a summary of the options unique to this package's |
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261 | `configure', and exit. The `short' variant lists options used |
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262 | only in the top level, while the `recursive' variant lists options |
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263 | also present in any nested packages. |
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264 | |
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265 | `--version' |
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266 | `-V' |
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267 | Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the `configure' |
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268 | script, and exit. |
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269 | |
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270 | `--cache-file=FILE' |
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271 | Enable the cache: use and save the results of the tests in FILE, |
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272 | traditionally `config.cache'. FILE defaults to `/dev/null' to |
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273 | disable caching. |
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274 | |
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275 | `--config-cache' |
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276 | `-C' |
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277 | Alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'. |
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278 | |
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279 | `--quiet' |
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280 | `--silent' |
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281 | `-q' |
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282 | Do not print messages saying which checks are being made. To |
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283 | suppress all normal output, redirect it to `/dev/null' (any error |
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284 | messages will still be shown). |
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285 | |
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286 | `--srcdir=DIR' |
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287 | Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually |
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288 | `configure' can determine that directory automatically. |
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289 | |
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290 | `--prefix=DIR' |
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291 | Use DIR as the installation prefix. *Note Installation Names:: |
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292 | for more details, including other options available for fine-tuning |
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293 | the installation locations. |
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294 | |
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295 | `--no-create' |
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296 | `-n' |
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297 | Run the configure checks, but stop before creating any output |
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298 | files. |
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299 | |
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300 | `configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options. Run |
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301 | `configure --help' for more details. |
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302 | |
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