1 | This file documents the installation of the GNU compiler. Copyright |
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2 | (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc. You |
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3 | may copy, distribute, and modify it freely as long as you preserve this |
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4 | copyright notice and permission notice. |
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5 | |
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6 | Installing GNU CC |
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7 | ***************** |
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8 | |
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9 | Here is the procedure for installing GNU CC on a Unix system. See |
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10 | *Note VMS Install::, for VMS systems. In this section we assume you |
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11 | compile in the same directory that contains the source files; see *Note |
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12 | Other Dir::, to find out how to compile in a separate directory on Unix |
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13 | systems. |
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14 | |
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15 | You cannot install GNU C by itself on MSDOS; it will not compile |
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16 | under any MSDOS compiler except itself. You need to get the complete |
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17 | compilation package DJGPP, which includes binaries as well as sources, |
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18 | and includes all the necessary compilation tools and libraries. |
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19 | |
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20 | 1. If you have built GNU CC previously in the same directory for a |
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21 | different target machine, do `make distclean' to delete all files |
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22 | that might be invalid. One of the files this deletes is |
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23 | `Makefile'; if `make distclean' complains that `Makefile' does not |
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24 | exist, it probably means that the directory is already suitably |
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25 | clean. |
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26 | |
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27 | 2. On a System V release 4 system, make sure `/usr/bin' precedes |
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28 | `/usr/ucb' in `PATH'. The `cc' command in `/usr/ucb' uses |
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29 | libraries which have bugs. |
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30 | |
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31 | 3. Specify the host, build and target machine configurations. You do |
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32 | this by running the file `configure'. |
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33 | |
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34 | The "build" machine is the system which you are using, the "host" |
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35 | machine is the system where you want to run the resulting compiler |
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36 | (normally the build machine), and the "target" machine is the |
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37 | system for which you want the compiler to generate code. |
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38 | |
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39 | If you are building a compiler to produce code for the machine it |
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40 | runs on (a native compiler), you normally do not need to specify |
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41 | any operands to `configure'; it will try to guess the type of |
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42 | machine you are on and use that as the build, host and target |
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43 | machines. So you don't need to specify a configuration when |
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44 | building a native compiler unless `configure' cannot figure out |
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45 | what your configuration is or guesses wrong. |
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46 | |
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47 | In those cases, specify the build machine's "configuration name" |
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48 | with the `--host' option; the host and target will default to be |
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49 | the same as the host machine. (If you are building a |
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50 | cross-compiler, see *Note Cross-Compiler::.) |
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51 | |
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52 | Here is an example: |
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53 | |
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54 | ./configure --build=sparc-sun-sunos4.1 |
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55 | |
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56 | A configuration name may be canonical or it may be more or less |
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57 | abbreviated. |
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58 | |
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59 | A canonical configuration name has three parts, separated by |
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60 | dashes. It looks like this: `CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM'. (The three |
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61 | parts may themselves contain dashes; `configure' can figure out |
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62 | which dashes serve which purpose.) For example, |
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63 | `m68k-sun-sunos4.1' specifies a Sun 3. |
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64 | |
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65 | You can also replace parts of the configuration by nicknames or |
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66 | aliases. For example, `sun3' stands for `m68k-sun', so |
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67 | `sun3-sunos4.1' is another way to specify a Sun 3. You can also |
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68 | use simply `sun3-sunos', since the version of SunOS is assumed by |
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69 | default to be version 4. |
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70 | |
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71 | You can specify a version number after any of the system types, |
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72 | and some of the CPU types. In most cases, the version is |
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73 | irrelevant, and will be ignored. So you might as well specify the |
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74 | version if you know it. |
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75 | |
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76 | See *Note Configurations::, for a list of supported configuration |
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77 | names and notes on many of the configurations. You should check |
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78 | the notes in that section before proceeding any further with the |
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79 | installation of GNU CC. |
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80 | |
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81 | There are four additional options you can specify independently to |
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82 | describe variant hardware and software configurations. These are |
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83 | `--with-gnu-as', `--with-gnu-ld', `--with-stabs' and `--nfp'. |
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84 | |
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85 | `--with-gnu-as' |
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86 | If you will use GNU CC with the GNU assembler (GAS), you |
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87 | should declare this by using the `--with-gnu-as' option when |
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88 | you run `configure'. |
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89 | |
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90 | Using this option does not install GAS. It only modifies the |
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91 | output of GNU CC to work with GAS. Building and installing |
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92 | GAS is up to you. |
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93 | |
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94 | Conversely, if you *do not* wish to use GAS and do not specify |
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95 | `--with-gnu-as' when building GNU CC, it is up to you to make |
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96 | sure that GAS is not installed. GNU CC searches for a |
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97 | program named `as' in various directories; if the program it |
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98 | finds is GAS, then it runs GAS. If you are not sure where |
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99 | GNU CC finds the assembler it is using, try specifying `-v' |
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100 | when you run it. |
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101 | |
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102 | The systems where it makes a difference whether you use GAS |
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103 | are |
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104 | `hppa1.0-ANY-ANY', `hppa1.1-ANY-ANY', `i386-ANY-sysv', |
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105 | `i386-ANY-isc', |
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106 | `i860-ANY-bsd', `m68k-bull-sysv', |
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107 | `m68k-hp-hpux', `m68k-sony-bsd', |
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108 | `m68k-altos-sysv', `m68000-hp-hpux', |
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109 | `m68000-att-sysv', `ANY-lynx-lynxos', and `mips-ANY'). On |
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110 | any other system, `--with-gnu-as' has no effect. |
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111 | |
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112 | On the systems listed above (except for the HP-PA, for ISC on |
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113 | the 386, and for `mips-sgi-irix5.*'), if you use GAS, you |
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114 | should also use the GNU linker (and specify `--with-gnu-ld'). |
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115 | |
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116 | `--with-gnu-ld' |
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117 | Specify the option `--with-gnu-ld' if you plan to use the GNU |
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118 | linker with GNU CC. |
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119 | |
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120 | This option does not cause the GNU linker to be installed; it |
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121 | just modifies the behavior of GNU CC to work with the GNU |
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122 | linker. Specifically, it inhibits the installation of |
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123 | `collect2', a program which otherwise serves as a front-end |
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124 | for the system's linker on most configurations. |
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125 | |
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126 | `--with-stabs' |
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127 | On MIPS based systems and on Alphas, you must specify whether |
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128 | you want GNU CC to create the normal ECOFF debugging format, |
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129 | or to use BSD-style stabs passed through the ECOFF symbol |
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130 | table. The normal ECOFF debug format cannot fully handle |
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131 | languages other than C. BSD stabs format can handle other |
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132 | languages, but it only works with the GNU debugger GDB. |
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133 | |
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134 | Normally, GNU CC uses the ECOFF debugging format by default; |
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135 | if you prefer BSD stabs, specify `--with-stabs' when you |
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136 | configure GNU CC. |
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137 | |
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138 | No matter which default you choose when you configure GNU CC, |
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139 | the user can use the `-gcoff' and `-gstabs+' options to |
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140 | specify explicitly the debug format for a particular |
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141 | compilation. |
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142 | |
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143 | `--with-stabs' is meaningful on the ISC system on the 386, |
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144 | also, if `--with-gas' is used. It selects use of stabs |
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145 | debugging information embedded in COFF output. This kind of |
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146 | debugging information supports C++ well; ordinary COFF |
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147 | debugging information does not. |
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148 | |
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149 | `--with-stabs' is also meaningful on 386 systems running |
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150 | SVR4. It selects use of stabs debugging information embedded |
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151 | in ELF output. The C++ compiler currently (2.6.0) does not |
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152 | support the DWARF debugging information normally used on 386 |
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153 | SVR4 platforms; stabs provide a workable alternative. This |
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154 | requires gas and gdb, as the normal SVR4 tools can not |
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155 | generate or interpret stabs. |
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156 | |
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157 | `--nfp' |
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158 | On certain systems, you must specify whether the machine has |
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159 | a floating point unit. These systems include |
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160 | `m68k-sun-sunosN' and `m68k-isi-bsd'. On any other system, |
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161 | `--nfp' currently has no effect, though perhaps there are |
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162 | other systems where it could usefully make a difference. |
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163 | |
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164 | `--enable-threads=TYPE' |
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165 | Certain systems, notably Linux-based GNU systems, can't be |
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166 | relied on to supply a threads facility for the Objective C |
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167 | runtime and so will default to single-threaded runtime. They |
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168 | may, however, have a library threads implementation |
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169 | available, in which case threads can be enabled with this |
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170 | option by supplying a suitable TYPE, probably `posix'. The |
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171 | possibilities for TYPE are `single', `posix', `win32', |
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172 | `solaris', `irix' and `mach'. |
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173 | |
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174 | The `configure' script searches subdirectories of the source |
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175 | directory for other compilers that are to be integrated into GNU |
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176 | CC. The GNU compiler for C++, called G++ is in a subdirectory |
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177 | named `cp'. `configure' inserts rules into `Makefile' to build |
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178 | all of those compilers. |
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179 | |
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180 | Here we spell out what files will be set up by `configure'. |
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181 | Normally you need not be concerned with these files. |
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182 | |
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183 | * A file named `config.h' is created that contains a `#include' |
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184 | of the top-level config file for the machine you will run the |
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185 | compiler on (*note The Configuration File: |
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186 | (gcc.info)Config.). This file is responsible for defining |
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187 | information about the host machine. It includes `tm.h'. |
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188 | |
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189 | The top-level config file is located in the subdirectory |
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190 | `config'. Its name is always `xm-SOMETHING.h'; usually |
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191 | `xm-MACHINE.h', but there are some exceptions. |
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192 | |
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193 | If your system does not support symbolic links, you might |
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194 | want to set up `config.h' to contain a `#include' command |
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195 | which refers to the appropriate file. |
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196 | |
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197 | * A file named `tconfig.h' is created which includes the |
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198 | top-level config file for your target machine. This is used |
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199 | for compiling certain programs to run on that machine. |
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200 | |
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201 | * A file named `tm.h' is created which includes the |
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202 | machine-description macro file for your target machine. It |
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203 | should be in the subdirectory `config' and its name is often |
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204 | `MACHINE.h'. |
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205 | |
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206 | * The command file `configure' also constructs the file |
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207 | `Makefile' by adding some text to the template file |
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208 | `Makefile.in'. The additional text comes from files in the |
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209 | `config' directory, named `t-TARGET' and `x-HOST'. If these |
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210 | files do not exist, it means nothing needs to be added for a |
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211 | given target or host. |
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212 | |
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213 | 4. The standard directory for installing GNU CC is `/usr/local/lib'. |
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214 | If you want to install its files somewhere else, specify |
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215 | `--prefix=DIR' when you run `configure'. Here DIR is a directory |
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216 | name to use instead of `/usr/local' for all purposes with one |
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217 | exception: the directory `/usr/local/include' is searched for |
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218 | header files no matter where you install the compiler. To override |
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219 | this name, use the `--local-prefix' option below. |
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220 | |
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221 | 5. Specify `--local-prefix=DIR' if you want the compiler to search |
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222 | directory `DIR/include' for locally installed header files |
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223 | *instead* of `/usr/local/include'. |
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224 | |
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225 | You should specify `--local-prefix' *only* if your site has a |
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226 | different convention (not `/usr/local') for where to put |
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227 | site-specific files. |
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228 | |
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229 | The default value for `--local-prefix' is `/usr/local' regardless |
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230 | of the value of `--prefix'. Specifying `--prefix' has no effect |
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231 | on which directory GNU CC searches for local header files. This |
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232 | may seem counterintuitive, but actually it is logical. |
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233 | |
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234 | The purpose of `--prefix' is to specify where to *install GNU CC*. |
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235 | The local header files in `/usr/local/include'--if you put any in |
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236 | that directory--are not part of GNU CC. They are part of other |
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237 | programs--perhaps many others. (GNU CC installs its own header |
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238 | files in another directory which is based on the `--prefix' value.) |
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239 | |
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240 | *Do not* specify `/usr' as the `--local-prefix'! The directory |
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241 | you use for `--local-prefix' *must not* contain any of the |
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242 | system's standard header files. If it did contain them, certain |
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243 | programs would be miscompiled (including GNU Emacs, on certain |
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244 | targets), because this would override and nullify the header file |
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245 | corrections made by the `fixincludes' script. |
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246 | |
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247 | Indications are that people who use this option use it based on |
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248 | mistaken ideas of what it is for. People use it as if it specified |
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249 | where to install part of GNU CC. Perhaps they make this assumption |
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250 | because installing GNU CC creates the directory. |
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251 | |
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252 | 6. Make sure the Bison parser generator is installed. (This is |
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253 | unnecessary if the Bison output files `c-parse.c' and `cexp.c' are |
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254 | more recent than `c-parse.y' and `cexp.y' and you do not plan to |
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255 | change the `.y' files.) |
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256 | |
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257 | Bison versions older than Sept 8, 1988 will produce incorrect |
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258 | output for `c-parse.c'. |
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259 | |
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260 | 7. If you have chosen a configuration for GNU CC which requires other |
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261 | GNU tools (such as GAS or the GNU linker) instead of the standard |
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262 | system tools, install the required tools in the build directory |
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263 | under the names `as', `ld' or whatever is appropriate. This will |
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264 | enable the compiler to find the proper tools for compilation of |
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265 | the program `enquire'. |
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266 | |
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267 | Alternatively, you can do subsequent compilation using a value of |
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268 | the `PATH' environment variable such that the necessary GNU tools |
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269 | come before the standard system tools. |
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270 | |
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271 | 8. Build the compiler. Just type `make LANGUAGES=c' in the compiler |
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272 | directory. |
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273 | |
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274 | `LANGUAGES=c' specifies that only the C compiler should be |
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275 | compiled. The makefile normally builds compilers for all the |
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276 | supported languages; currently, C, C++ and Objective C. However, |
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277 | C is the only language that is sure to work when you build with |
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278 | other non-GNU C compilers. In addition, building anything but C |
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279 | at this stage is a waste of time. |
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280 | |
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281 | In general, you can specify the languages to build by typing the |
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282 | argument `LANGUAGES="LIST"', where LIST is one or more words from |
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283 | the list `c', `c++', and `objective-c'. If you have any |
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284 | additional GNU compilers as subdirectories of the GNU CC source |
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285 | directory, you may also specify their names in this list. |
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286 | |
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287 | Ignore any warnings you may see about "statement not reached" in |
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288 | `insn-emit.c'; they are normal. Also, warnings about "unknown |
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289 | escape sequence" are normal in `genopinit.c' and perhaps some |
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290 | other files. Likewise, you should ignore warnings about "constant |
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291 | is so large that it is unsigned" in `insn-emit.c' and |
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292 | `insn-recog.c' and a warning about a comparison always being zero |
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293 | in `enquire.o'. Any other compilation errors may represent bugs in |
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294 | the port to your machine or operating system, and should be |
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295 | investigated and reported. |
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296 | |
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297 | Some commercial compilers fail to compile GNU CC because they have |
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298 | bugs or limitations. For example, the Microsoft compiler is said |
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299 | to run out of macro space. Some Ultrix compilers run out of |
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300 | expression space; then you need to break up the statement where |
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301 | the problem happens. |
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302 | |
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303 | 9. If you are building a cross-compiler, stop here. *Note |
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304 | Cross-Compiler::. |
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305 | |
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306 | 10. Move the first-stage object files and executables into a |
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307 | subdirectory with this command: |
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308 | |
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309 | make stage1 |
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310 | |
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311 | The files are moved into a subdirectory named `stage1'. Once |
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312 | installation is complete, you may wish to delete these files with |
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313 | `rm -r stage1'. |
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314 | |
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315 | 11. If you have chosen a configuration for GNU CC which requires other |
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316 | GNU tools (such as GAS or the GNU linker) instead of the standard |
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317 | system tools, install the required tools in the `stage1' |
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318 | subdirectory under the names `as', `ld' or whatever is |
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319 | appropriate. This will enable the stage 1 compiler to find the |
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320 | proper tools in the following stage. |
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321 | |
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322 | Alternatively, you can do subsequent compilation using a value of |
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323 | the `PATH' environment variable such that the necessary GNU tools |
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324 | come before the standard system tools. |
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325 | |
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326 | 12. Recompile the compiler with itself, with this command: |
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327 | |
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328 | make CC="stage1/xgcc -Bstage1/" CFLAGS="-g -O2" |
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329 | |
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330 | This is called making the stage 2 compiler. |
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331 | |
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332 | The command shown above builds compilers for all the supported |
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333 | languages. If you don't want them all, you can specify the |
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334 | languages to build by typing the argument `LANGUAGES="LIST"'. LIST |
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335 | should contain one or more words from the list `c', `c++', |
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336 | `objective-c', and `proto'. Separate the words with spaces. |
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337 | `proto' stands for the programs `protoize' and `unprotoize'; they |
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338 | are not a separate language, but you use `LANGUAGES' to enable or |
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339 | disable their installation. |
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340 | |
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341 | If you are going to build the stage 3 compiler, then you might |
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342 | want to build only the C language in stage 2. |
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343 | |
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344 | Once you have built the stage 2 compiler, if you are short of disk |
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345 | space, you can delete the subdirectory `stage1'. |
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346 | |
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347 | On a 68000 or 68020 system lacking floating point hardware, unless |
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348 | you have selected a `tm.h' file that expects by default that there |
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349 | is no such hardware, do this instead: |
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350 | |
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351 | make CC="stage1/xgcc -Bstage1/" CFLAGS="-g -O2 -msoft-float" |
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352 | |
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353 | 13. If you wish to test the compiler by compiling it with itself one |
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354 | more time, install any other necessary GNU tools (such as GAS or |
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355 | the GNU linker) in the `stage2' subdirectory as you did in the |
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356 | `stage1' subdirectory, then do this: |
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357 | |
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358 | make stage2 |
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359 | make CC="stage2/xgcc -Bstage2/" CFLAGS="-g -O2" |
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360 | |
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361 | This is called making the stage 3 compiler. Aside from the `-B' |
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362 | option, the compiler options should be the same as when you made |
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363 | the stage 2 compiler. But the `LANGUAGES' option need not be the |
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364 | same. The command shown above builds compilers for all the |
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365 | supported languages; if you don't want them all, you can specify |
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366 | the languages to build by typing the argument `LANGUAGES="LIST"', |
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367 | as described above. |
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368 | |
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369 | If you do not have to install any additional GNU tools, you may |
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370 | use the command |
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371 | |
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372 | make bootstrap LANGUAGES=LANGUAGE-LIST BOOT_CFLAGS=OPTION-LIST |
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373 | |
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374 | instead of making `stage1', `stage2', and performing the two |
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375 | compiler builds. |
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376 | |
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377 | 14. Then compare the latest object files with the stage 2 object |
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378 | files--they ought to be identical, aside from time stamps (if any). |
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379 | |
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380 | On some systems, meaningful comparison of object files is |
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381 | impossible; they always appear "different." This is currently |
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382 | true on Solaris and some systems that use ELF object file format. |
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383 | On some versions of Irix on SGI machines and DEC Unix (OSF/1) on |
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384 | Alpha systems, you will not be able to compare the files without |
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385 | specifying `-save-temps'; see the description of individual |
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386 | systems above to see if you get comparison failures. You may have |
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387 | similar problems on other systems. |
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388 | |
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389 | Use this command to compare the files: |
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390 | |
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391 | make compare |
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392 | |
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393 | This will mention any object files that differ between stage 2 and |
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394 | stage 3. Any difference, no matter how innocuous, indicates that |
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395 | the stage 2 compiler has compiled GNU CC incorrectly, and is |
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396 | therefore a potentially serious bug which you should investigate |
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397 | and report. |
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398 | |
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399 | If your system does not put time stamps in the object files, then |
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400 | this is a faster way to compare them (using the Bourne shell): |
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401 | |
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402 | for file in *.o; do |
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403 | cmp $file stage2/$file |
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404 | done |
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405 | |
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406 | If you have built the compiler with the `-mno-mips-tfile' option on |
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407 | MIPS machines, you will not be able to compare the files. |
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408 | |
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409 | 15. Install the compiler driver, the compiler's passes and run-time |
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410 | support with `make install'. Use the same value for `CC', |
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411 | `CFLAGS' and `LANGUAGES' that you used when compiling the files |
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412 | that are being installed. One reason this is necessary is that |
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413 | some versions of Make have bugs and recompile files gratuitously |
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414 | when you do this step. If you use the same variable values, those |
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415 | files will be recompiled properly. |
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416 | |
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417 | For example, if you have built the stage 2 compiler, you can use |
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418 | the following command: |
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419 | |
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420 | make install CC="stage2/xgcc -Bstage2/" CFLAGS="-g -O" LANGUAGES="LIST" |
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421 | |
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422 | This copies the files `cc1', `cpp' and `libgcc.a' to files `cc1', |
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423 | `cpp' and `libgcc.a' in the directory |
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424 | `/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/TARGET/VERSION', which is where the |
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425 | compiler driver program looks for them. Here TARGET is the |
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426 | canonicalized form of target machine type specified when you ran |
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427 | `configure', and VERSION is the version number of GNU CC. This |
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428 | naming scheme permits various versions and/or cross-compilers to |
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429 | coexist. It also copies the executables for compilers for other |
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430 | languages (e.g., `cc1plus' for C++) to the same directory. |
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431 | |
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432 | This also copies the driver program `xgcc' into |
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433 | `/usr/local/bin/gcc', so that it appears in typical execution |
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434 | search paths. It also copies `gcc.1' into `/usr/local/man/man1' |
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435 | and info pages into `/usr/local/info'. |
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436 | |
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437 | On some systems, this command causes recompilation of some files. |
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438 | This is usually due to bugs in `make'. You should either ignore |
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439 | this problem, or use GNU Make. |
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440 | |
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441 | *Warning: there is a bug in `alloca' in the Sun library. To avoid |
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442 | this bug, be sure to install the executables of GNU CC that were |
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443 | compiled by GNU CC. (That is, the executables from stage 2 or 3, |
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444 | not stage 1.) They use `alloca' as a built-in function and never |
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445 | the one in the library.* |
---|
446 | |
---|
447 | (It is usually better to install GNU CC executables from stage 2 |
---|
448 | or 3, since they usually run faster than the ones compiled with |
---|
449 | some other compiler.) |
---|
450 | |
---|
451 | 16. If you're going to use C++, it's likely that you need to also |
---|
452 | install a C++ runtime library. Just as GNU C does not distribute |
---|
453 | a C runtime library, it also does not include a C++ runtime |
---|
454 | library. All I/O functionality, special class libraries, etc., are |
---|
455 | provided by the C++ runtime library. |
---|
456 | |
---|
457 | The standard C++ runtime library for GNU CC is called `libstdc++'. |
---|
458 | An obsolescent library `libg++' may also be available, but it's |
---|
459 | necessary only for older software that hasn't been converted yet; |
---|
460 | if you don't know whether you need `libg++' then you probably don't |
---|
461 | need it. |
---|
462 | |
---|
463 | Here's one way to build and install `libstdc++' for GNU CC: |
---|
464 | |
---|
465 | * Build and install GNU CC, so that invoking `gcc' obtains the |
---|
466 | GNU CC that was just built. |
---|
467 | |
---|
468 | * Obtain a copy of a compatible `libstdc++' distribution. For |
---|
469 | example, the `libstdc++-2.8.0.tar.gz' distribution should be |
---|
470 | compatible with GCC 2.8.0. GCC distributors normally |
---|
471 | distribute `libstdc++' as well. |
---|
472 | |
---|
473 | * Set the `CXX' environment variable to `gcc' while running the |
---|
474 | `libstdc++' distribution's `configure' command. Use the same |
---|
475 | `configure' options that you used when you invoked GCC's |
---|
476 | `configure' command. |
---|
477 | |
---|
478 | * Invoke `make' to build the C++ runtime. |
---|
479 | |
---|
480 | * Invoke `make install' to install the C++ runtime. |
---|
481 | |
---|
482 | To summarize, after building and installing GNU CC, invoke the |
---|
483 | following shell commands in the topmost directory of the C++ |
---|
484 | library distribution. For CONFIGURE-OPTIONS, use the same options |
---|
485 | that you used to configure GNU CC. |
---|
486 | |
---|
487 | $ CXX=gcc ./configure CONFIGURE-OPTIONS |
---|
488 | $ make |
---|
489 | $ make install |
---|
490 | |
---|
491 | 17. GNU CC includes a runtime library for Objective-C because it is an |
---|
492 | integral part of the language. You can find the files associated |
---|
493 | with the library in the subdirectory `objc'. The GNU Objective-C |
---|
494 | Runtime Library requires header files for the target's C library in |
---|
495 | order to be compiled,and also requires the header files for the |
---|
496 | target's thread library if you want thread support. *Note |
---|
497 | Cross-Compilers and Header Files: Cross Headers, for discussion |
---|
498 | about header files issues for cross-compilation. |
---|
499 | |
---|
500 | When you run `configure', it picks the appropriate Objective-C |
---|
501 | thread implementation file for the target platform. In some |
---|
502 | situations, you may wish to choose a different back-end as some |
---|
503 | platforms support multiple thread implementations or you may wish |
---|
504 | to disable thread support completely. You do this by specifying a |
---|
505 | value for the OBJC_THREAD_FILE makefile variable on the command |
---|
506 | line when you run make, for example: |
---|
507 | |
---|
508 | make CC="stage2/xgcc -Bstage2/" CFLAGS="-g -O2" OBJC_THREAD_FILE=thr-single |
---|
509 | |
---|
510 | Below is a list of the currently available back-ends. |
---|
511 | |
---|
512 | * thr-single Disable thread support, should work for all |
---|
513 | platforms. |
---|
514 | |
---|
515 | * thr-decosf1 DEC OSF/1 thread support. |
---|
516 | |
---|
517 | * thr-irix SGI IRIX thread support. |
---|
518 | |
---|
519 | * thr-mach Generic MACH thread support, known to work on |
---|
520 | NEXTSTEP. |
---|
521 | |
---|
522 | * thr-os2 IBM OS/2 thread support. |
---|
523 | |
---|
524 | * thr-posix Generix POSIX thread support. |
---|
525 | |
---|
526 | * thr-pthreads PCThreads on Linux-based GNU systems. |
---|
527 | |
---|
528 | * thr-solaris SUN Solaris thread support. |
---|
529 | |
---|
530 | * thr-win32 Microsoft Win32 API thread support. |
---|
531 | |
---|
532 | Configurations Supported by GNU CC |
---|
533 | ================================== |
---|
534 | |
---|
535 | Here are the possible CPU types: |
---|
536 | |
---|
537 | 1750a, a29k, alpha, arm, cN, clipper, dsp16xx, elxsi, h8300, |
---|
538 | hppa1.0, hppa1.1, i370, i386, i486, i586, i860, i960, m32r, |
---|
539 | m68000, m68k, m88k, mips, mipsel, mips64, mips64el, ns32k, |
---|
540 | powerpc, powerpcle, pyramid, romp, rs6000, sh, sparc, sparclite, |
---|
541 | sparc64, vax, we32k. |
---|
542 | |
---|
543 | Here are the recognized company names. As you can see, customary |
---|
544 | abbreviations are used rather than the longer official names. |
---|
545 | |
---|
546 | acorn, alliant, altos, apollo, apple, att, bull, cbm, convergent, |
---|
547 | convex, crds, dec, dg, dolphin, elxsi, encore, harris, hitachi, |
---|
548 | hp, ibm, intergraph, isi, mips, motorola, ncr, next, ns, omron, |
---|
549 | plexus, sequent, sgi, sony, sun, tti, unicom, wrs. |
---|
550 | |
---|
551 | The company name is meaningful only to disambiguate when the rest of |
---|
552 | the information supplied is insufficient. You can omit it, writing |
---|
553 | just `CPU-SYSTEM', if it is not needed. For example, `vax-ultrix4.2' |
---|
554 | is equivalent to `vax-dec-ultrix4.2'. |
---|
555 | |
---|
556 | Here is a list of system types: |
---|
557 | |
---|
558 | 386bsd, aix, acis, amigaos, aos, aout, aux, bosx, bsd, clix, coff, |
---|
559 | ctix, cxux, dgux, dynix, ebmon, ecoff, elf, esix, freebsd, hms, |
---|
560 | genix, gnu, linux-gnu, hiux, hpux, iris, irix, isc, luna, lynxos, |
---|
561 | mach, minix, msdos, mvs, netbsd, newsos, nindy, ns, osf, osfrose, |
---|
562 | ptx, riscix, riscos, rtu, sco, sim, solaris, sunos, sym, sysv, |
---|
563 | udi, ultrix, unicos, uniplus, unos, vms, vsta, vxworks, winnt, |
---|
564 | xenix. |
---|
565 | |
---|
566 | You can omit the system type; then `configure' guesses the operating |
---|
567 | system from the CPU and company. |
---|
568 | |
---|
569 | You can add a version number to the system type; this may or may not |
---|
570 | make a difference. For example, you can write `bsd4.3' or `bsd4.4' to |
---|
571 | distinguish versions of BSD. In practice, the version number is most |
---|
572 | needed for `sysv3' and `sysv4', which are often treated differently. |
---|
573 | |
---|
574 | If you specify an impossible combination such as `i860-dg-vms', then |
---|
575 | you may get an error message from `configure', or it may ignore part of |
---|
576 | the information and do the best it can with the rest. `configure' |
---|
577 | always prints the canonical name for the alternative that it used. GNU |
---|
578 | CC does not support all possible alternatives. |
---|
579 | |
---|
580 | Often a particular model of machine has a name. Many machine names |
---|
581 | are recognized as aliases for CPU/company combinations. Thus, the |
---|
582 | machine name `sun3', mentioned above, is an alias for `m68k-sun'. |
---|
583 | Sometimes we accept a company name as a machine name, when the name is |
---|
584 | popularly used for a particular machine. Here is a table of the known |
---|
585 | machine names: |
---|
586 | |
---|
587 | 3300, 3b1, 3bN, 7300, altos3068, altos, apollo68, att-7300, |
---|
588 | balance, convex-cN, crds, decstation-3100, decstation, delta, |
---|
589 | encore, fx2800, gmicro, hp7NN, hp8NN, hp9k2NN, hp9k3NN, hp9k7NN, |
---|
590 | hp9k8NN, iris4d, iris, isi68, m3230, magnum, merlin, miniframe, |
---|
591 | mmax, news-3600, news800, news, next, pbd, pc532, pmax, powerpc, |
---|
592 | powerpcle, ps2, risc-news, rtpc, sun2, sun386i, sun386, sun3, |
---|
593 | sun4, symmetry, tower-32, tower. |
---|
594 | |
---|
595 | Remember that a machine name specifies both the cpu type and the company |
---|
596 | name. If you want to install your own homemade configuration files, |
---|
597 | you can use `local' as the company name to access them. If you use |
---|
598 | configuration `CPU-local', the configuration name without the cpu prefix |
---|
599 | is used to form the configuration file names. |
---|
600 | |
---|
601 | Thus, if you specify `m68k-local', configuration uses files |
---|
602 | `m68k.md', `local.h', `m68k.c', `xm-local.h', `t-local', and `x-local', |
---|
603 | all in the directory `config/m68k'. |
---|
604 | |
---|
605 | Here is a list of configurations that have special treatment or |
---|
606 | special things you must know: |
---|
607 | |
---|
608 | `1750a-*-*' |
---|
609 | MIL-STD-1750A processors. |
---|
610 | |
---|
611 | The MIL-STD-1750A cross configuration produces output for |
---|
612 | `as1750', an assembler/linker available under the GNU Public |
---|
613 | License for the 1750A. `as1750' can be obtained at |
---|
614 | *ftp://ftp.fta-berlin.de/pub/crossgcc/1750gals/*. A similarly |
---|
615 | licensed simulator for the 1750A is available from same address. |
---|
616 | |
---|
617 | You should ignore a fatal error during the building of libgcc |
---|
618 | (libgcc is not yet implemented for the 1750A.) |
---|
619 | |
---|
620 | The `as1750' assembler requires the file `ms1750.inc', which is |
---|
621 | found in the directory `config/1750a'. |
---|
622 | |
---|
623 | GNU CC produced the same sections as the Fairchild F9450 C |
---|
624 | Compiler, namely: |
---|
625 | |
---|
626 | `Normal' |
---|
627 | The program code section. |
---|
628 | |
---|
629 | `Static' |
---|
630 | The read/write (RAM) data section. |
---|
631 | |
---|
632 | `Konst' |
---|
633 | The read-only (ROM) constants section. |
---|
634 | |
---|
635 | `Init' |
---|
636 | Initialization section (code to copy KREL to SREL). |
---|
637 | |
---|
638 | The smallest addressable unit is 16 bits (BITS_PER_UNIT is 16). |
---|
639 | This means that type `char' is represented with a 16-bit word per |
---|
640 | character. The 1750A's "Load/Store Upper/Lower Byte" instructions |
---|
641 | are not used by GNU CC. |
---|
642 | |
---|
643 | `alpha-*-osf1' |
---|
644 | Systems using processors that implement the DEC Alpha architecture |
---|
645 | and are running the DEC Unix (OSF/1) operating system, for example |
---|
646 | the DEC Alpha AXP systems.CC.) |
---|
647 | |
---|
648 | GNU CC writes a `.verstamp' directive to the assembler output file |
---|
649 | unless it is built as a cross-compiler. It gets the version to |
---|
650 | use from the system header file `/usr/include/stamp.h'. If you |
---|
651 | install a new version of DEC Unix, you should rebuild GCC to pick |
---|
652 | up the new version stamp. |
---|
653 | |
---|
654 | Note that since the Alpha is a 64-bit architecture, |
---|
655 | cross-compilers from 32-bit machines will not generate code as |
---|
656 | efficient as that generated when the compiler is running on a |
---|
657 | 64-bit machine because many optimizations that depend on being |
---|
658 | able to represent a word on the target in an integral value on the |
---|
659 | host cannot be performed. Building cross-compilers on the Alpha |
---|
660 | for 32-bit machines has only been tested in a few cases and may |
---|
661 | not work properly. |
---|
662 | |
---|
663 | `make compare' may fail on old versions of DEC Unix unless you add |
---|
664 | `-save-temps' to `CFLAGS'. On these systems, the name of the |
---|
665 | assembler input file is stored in the object file, and that makes |
---|
666 | comparison fail if it differs between the `stage1' and `stage2' |
---|
667 | compilations. The option `-save-temps' forces a fixed name to be |
---|
668 | used for the assembler input file, instead of a randomly chosen |
---|
669 | name in `/tmp'. Do not add `-save-temps' unless the comparisons |
---|
670 | fail without that option. If you add `-save-temps', you will have |
---|
671 | to manually delete the `.i' and `.s' files after each series of |
---|
672 | compilations. |
---|
673 | |
---|
674 | GNU CC now supports both the native (ECOFF) debugging format used |
---|
675 | by DBX and GDB and an encapsulated STABS format for use only with |
---|
676 | GDB. See the discussion of the `--with-stabs' option of |
---|
677 | `configure' above for more information on these formats and how to |
---|
678 | select them. |
---|
679 | |
---|
680 | There is a bug in DEC's assembler that produces incorrect line |
---|
681 | numbers for ECOFF format when the `.align' directive is used. To |
---|
682 | work around this problem, GNU CC will not emit such alignment |
---|
683 | directives while writing ECOFF format debugging information even |
---|
684 | if optimization is being performed. Unfortunately, this has the |
---|
685 | very undesirable side-effect that code addresses when `-O' is |
---|
686 | specified are different depending on whether or not `-g' is also |
---|
687 | specified. |
---|
688 | |
---|
689 | To avoid this behavior, specify `-gstabs+' and use GDB instead of |
---|
690 | DBX. DEC is now aware of this problem with the assembler and |
---|
691 | hopes to provide a fix shortly. |
---|
692 | |
---|
693 | `arc-*-elf' |
---|
694 | Argonaut ARC processor. This configuration is intended for |
---|
695 | embedded systems. |
---|
696 | |
---|
697 | `arm-*-aout' |
---|
698 | Advanced RISC Machines ARM-family processors. These are often |
---|
699 | used in embedded applications. There are no standard Unix |
---|
700 | configurations. This configuration corresponds to the basic |
---|
701 | instruction sequences and will produce `a.out' format object |
---|
702 | modules. |
---|
703 | |
---|
704 | You may need to make a variant of the file `arm.h' for your |
---|
705 | particular configuration. |
---|
706 | |
---|
707 | `arm-*-linuxaout' |
---|
708 | Any of the ARM family processors running the Linux-based GNU |
---|
709 | system with the `a.out' binary format (ELF is not yet supported). |
---|
710 | You must use version 2.8.1.0.7 or later of the GNU/Linux binutils, |
---|
711 | which you can download from `sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/GCC' and |
---|
712 | other mirror sites for Linux-based GNU systems. |
---|
713 | |
---|
714 | `arm-*-riscix' |
---|
715 | The ARM2 or ARM3 processor running RISC iX, Acorn's port of BSD |
---|
716 | Unix. If you are running a version of RISC iX prior to 1.2 then |
---|
717 | you must specify the version number during configuration. Note |
---|
718 | that the assembler shipped with RISC iX does not support stabs |
---|
719 | debugging information; a new version of the assembler, with stabs |
---|
720 | support included, is now available from Acorn and via ftp |
---|
721 | `ftp.acorn.com:/pub/riscix/as+xterm.tar.Z'. To enable stabs |
---|
722 | debugging, pass `--with-gnu-as' to configure. |
---|
723 | |
---|
724 | You will need to install GNU `sed' before you can run configure. |
---|
725 | |
---|
726 | `a29k' |
---|
727 | AMD Am29k-family processors. These are normally used in embedded |
---|
728 | applications. There are no standard Unix configurations. This |
---|
729 | configuration corresponds to AMD's standard calling sequence and |
---|
730 | binary interface and is compatible with other 29k tools. |
---|
731 | |
---|
732 | You may need to make a variant of the file `a29k.h' for your |
---|
733 | particular configuration. |
---|
734 | |
---|
735 | `a29k-*-bsd' |
---|
736 | AMD Am29050 used in a system running a variant of BSD Unix. |
---|
737 | |
---|
738 | `decstation-*' |
---|
739 | MIPS-based DECstations can support three different personalities: |
---|
740 | Ultrix, DEC OSF/1, and OSF/rose. (Alpha-based DECstation products |
---|
741 | have a configuration name beginning with `alpha-dec'.) To |
---|
742 | configure GCC for these platforms use the following configurations: |
---|
743 | |
---|
744 | `decstation-ultrix' |
---|
745 | Ultrix configuration. |
---|
746 | |
---|
747 | `decstation-osf1' |
---|
748 | Dec's version of OSF/1. |
---|
749 | |
---|
750 | `decstation-osfrose' |
---|
751 | Open Software Foundation reference port of OSF/1 which uses |
---|
752 | the OSF/rose object file format instead of ECOFF. Normally, |
---|
753 | you would not select this configuration. |
---|
754 | |
---|
755 | The MIPS C compiler needs to be told to increase its table size |
---|
756 | for switch statements with the `-Wf,-XNg1500' option in order to |
---|
757 | compile `cp/parse.c'. If you use the `-O2' optimization option, |
---|
758 | you also need to use `-Olimit 3000'. Both of these options are |
---|
759 | automatically generated in the `Makefile' that the shell script |
---|
760 | `configure' builds. If you override the `CC' make variable and |
---|
761 | use the MIPS compilers, you may need to add `-Wf,-XNg1500 -Olimit |
---|
762 | 3000'. |
---|
763 | |
---|
764 | `elxsi-elxsi-bsd' |
---|
765 | The Elxsi's C compiler has known limitations that prevent it from |
---|
766 | compiling GNU C. Please contact `mrs@cygnus.com' for more details. |
---|
767 | |
---|
768 | `dsp16xx' |
---|
769 | A port to the AT&T DSP1610 family of processors. |
---|
770 | |
---|
771 | `h8300-*-*' |
---|
772 | Hitachi H8/300 series of processors. |
---|
773 | |
---|
774 | The calling convention and structure layout has changed in release |
---|
775 | 2.6. All code must be recompiled. The calling convention now |
---|
776 | passes the first three arguments in function calls in registers. |
---|
777 | Structures are no longer a multiple of 2 bytes. |
---|
778 | |
---|
779 | `hppa*-*-*' |
---|
780 | There are several variants of the HP-PA processor which run a |
---|
781 | variety of operating systems. GNU CC must be configured to use |
---|
782 | the correct processor type and operating system, or GNU CC will |
---|
783 | not function correctly. The easiest way to handle this problem is |
---|
784 | to *not* specify a target when configuring GNU CC, the `configure' |
---|
785 | script will try to automatically determine the right processor |
---|
786 | type and operating system. |
---|
787 | |
---|
788 | `-g' does not work on HP-UX, since that system uses a peculiar |
---|
789 | debugging format which GNU CC does not know about. However, `-g' |
---|
790 | will work if you also use GAS and GDB in conjunction with GCC. We |
---|
791 | highly recommend using GAS for all HP-PA configurations. |
---|
792 | |
---|
793 | You should be using GAS-2.6 (or later) along with GDB-4.16 (or |
---|
794 | later). These can be retrieved from all the traditional GNU ftp |
---|
795 | archive sites. |
---|
796 | |
---|
797 | GAS will need to be installed into a directory before `/bin', |
---|
798 | `/usr/bin', and `/usr/ccs/bin' in your search path. You should |
---|
799 | install GAS before you build GNU CC. |
---|
800 | |
---|
801 | To enable debugging, you must configure GNU CC with the |
---|
802 | `--with-gnu-as' option before building. |
---|
803 | |
---|
804 | `i370-*-*' |
---|
805 | This port is very preliminary and has many known bugs. We hope to |
---|
806 | have a higher-quality port for this machine soon. |
---|
807 | |
---|
808 | `i386-*-linux-gnuoldld' |
---|
809 | Use this configuration to generate `a.out' binaries on Linux-based |
---|
810 | GNU systems if you do not have gas/binutils version 2.5.2 or later |
---|
811 | installed. This is an obsolete configuration. |
---|
812 | |
---|
813 | `i386-*-linux-gnuaout' |
---|
814 | Use this configuration to generate `a.out' binaries on Linux-based |
---|
815 | GNU systems. This configuration is being superseded. You must use |
---|
816 | gas/binutils version 2.5.2 or later. |
---|
817 | |
---|
818 | `i386-*-linux-gnu' |
---|
819 | Use this configuration to generate ELF binaries on Linux-based GNU |
---|
820 | systems. You must use gas/binutils version 2.5.2 or later. |
---|
821 | |
---|
822 | `i386-*-sco' |
---|
823 | Compilation with RCC is recommended. Also, it may be a good idea |
---|
824 | to link with GNU malloc instead of the malloc that comes with the |
---|
825 | system. |
---|
826 | |
---|
827 | `i386-*-sco3.2v4' |
---|
828 | Use this configuration for SCO release 3.2 version 4. |
---|
829 | |
---|
830 | `i386-*-sco3.2v5*' |
---|
831 | Use this for the SCO OpenServer Release family including 5.0.0, |
---|
832 | 5.0.2, 5.0.4, Internet FastStart 1.0, and Internet FastStart 1.1. |
---|
833 | |
---|
834 | GNU CC can generate either ELF or COFF binaries. ELF is the |
---|
835 | default. To get COFF output, you must specify `-mcoff' on the |
---|
836 | command line. |
---|
837 | |
---|
838 | For 5.0.0 and 5.0.2, you must install TLS597 from ftp.sco.com/TLS. |
---|
839 | 5.0.4 and later do not require this patch. |
---|
840 | |
---|
841 | *NOTE:* You must follow the instructions about invoking `make |
---|
842 | bootstrap' because the native OpenServer compiler builds a |
---|
843 | `cc1plus' that will not correctly parse many valid C++ programs. |
---|
844 | You must do a `make bootstrap' if you are building with the native |
---|
845 | compiler. |
---|
846 | |
---|
847 | `i386-*-isc' |
---|
848 | It may be a good idea to link with GNU malloc instead of the |
---|
849 | malloc that comes with the system. |
---|
850 | |
---|
851 | In ISC version 4.1, `sed' core dumps when building `deduced.h'. |
---|
852 | Use the version of `sed' from version 4.0. |
---|
853 | |
---|
854 | `i386-*-esix' |
---|
855 | It may be good idea to link with GNU malloc instead of the malloc |
---|
856 | that comes with the system. |
---|
857 | |
---|
858 | `i386-ibm-aix' |
---|
859 | You need to use GAS version 2.1 or later, and LD from GNU binutils |
---|
860 | version 2.2 or later. |
---|
861 | |
---|
862 | `i386-sequent-bsd' |
---|
863 | Go to the Berkeley universe before compiling. |
---|
864 | |
---|
865 | `i386-sequent-ptx1*' |
---|
866 | Sequent DYNIX/ptx 1.x. |
---|
867 | |
---|
868 | `i386-sequent-ptx2*' |
---|
869 | Sequent DYNIX/ptx 2.x. |
---|
870 | |
---|
871 | `i386-sun-sunos4' |
---|
872 | You may find that you need another version of GNU CC to begin |
---|
873 | bootstrapping with, since the current version when built with the |
---|
874 | system's own compiler seems to get an infinite loop compiling part |
---|
875 | of `libgcc2.c'. GNU CC version 2 compiled with GNU CC (any |
---|
876 | version) seems not to have this problem. |
---|
877 | |
---|
878 | See *Note Sun Install::, for information on installing GNU CC on |
---|
879 | Sun systems. |
---|
880 | |
---|
881 | `i[345]86-*-winnt3.5' |
---|
882 | This version requires a GAS that has not yet been released. Until |
---|
883 | it is, you can get a prebuilt binary version via anonymous ftp from |
---|
884 | `cs.washington.edu:pub/gnat' or `cs.nyu.edu:pub/gnat'. You must |
---|
885 | also use the Microsoft header files from the Windows NT 3.5 SDK. |
---|
886 | Find these on the CDROM in the `/mstools/h' directory dated |
---|
887 | 9/4/94. You must use a fixed version of Microsoft linker made |
---|
888 | especially for NT 3.5, which is also is available on the NT 3.5 |
---|
889 | SDK CDROM. If you do not have this linker, can you also use the |
---|
890 | linker from Visual C/C++ 1.0 or 2.0. |
---|
891 | |
---|
892 | Installing GNU CC for NT builds a wrapper linker, called `ld.exe', |
---|
893 | which mimics the behaviour of Unix `ld' in the specification of |
---|
894 | libraries (`-L' and `-l'). `ld.exe' looks for both Unix and |
---|
895 | Microsoft named libraries. For example, if you specify `-lfoo', |
---|
896 | `ld.exe' will look first for `libfoo.a' and then for `foo.lib'. |
---|
897 | |
---|
898 | You may install GNU CC for Windows NT in one of two ways, |
---|
899 | depending on whether or not you have a Unix-like shell and various |
---|
900 | Unix-like utilities. |
---|
901 | |
---|
902 | 1. If you do not have a Unix-like shell and few Unix-like |
---|
903 | utilities, you will use a DOS style batch script called |
---|
904 | `configure.bat'. Invoke it as `configure winnt' from an |
---|
905 | MSDOS console window or from the program manager dialog box. |
---|
906 | `configure.bat' assumes you have already installed and have |
---|
907 | in your path a Unix-like `sed' program which is used to |
---|
908 | create a working `Makefile' from `Makefile.in'. |
---|
909 | |
---|
910 | `Makefile' uses the Microsoft Nmake program maintenance |
---|
911 | utility and the Visual C/C++ V8.00 compiler to build GNU CC. |
---|
912 | You need only have the utilities `sed' and `touch' to use |
---|
913 | this installation method, which only automatically builds the |
---|
914 | compiler itself. You must then examine what `fixinc.winnt' |
---|
915 | does, edit the header files by hand and build `libgcc.a' |
---|
916 | manually. |
---|
917 | |
---|
918 | 2. The second type of installation assumes you are running a |
---|
919 | Unix-like shell, have a complete suite of Unix-like utilities |
---|
920 | in your path, and have a previous version of GNU CC already |
---|
921 | installed, either through building it via the above |
---|
922 | installation method or acquiring a pre-built binary. In this |
---|
923 | case, use the `configure' script in the normal fashion. |
---|
924 | |
---|
925 | `i860-intel-osf1' |
---|
926 | This is the Paragon. If you have version 1.0 of the operating |
---|
927 | system, you need to take special steps to build GNU CC due to |
---|
928 | peculiarities of the system. Newer system versions have no |
---|
929 | problem. See the section `Installation Problems' in the GNU CC |
---|
930 | Manual. |
---|
931 | |
---|
932 | `*-lynx-lynxos' |
---|
933 | LynxOS 2.2 and earlier comes with GNU CC 1.x already installed as |
---|
934 | `/bin/gcc'. You should compile with this instead of `/bin/cc'. |
---|
935 | You can tell GNU CC to use the GNU assembler and linker, by |
---|
936 | specifying `--with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld' when configuring. These |
---|
937 | will produce COFF format object files and executables; otherwise |
---|
938 | GNU CC will use the installed tools, which produce `a.out' format |
---|
939 | executables. |
---|
940 | |
---|
941 | `m32r-*-elf' |
---|
942 | Mitsubishi M32R processor. This configuration is intended for |
---|
943 | embedded systems. |
---|
944 | |
---|
945 | `m68000-hp-bsd' |
---|
946 | HP 9000 series 200 running BSD. Note that the C compiler that |
---|
947 | comes with this system cannot compile GNU CC; contact |
---|
948 | `law@cygnus.com' to get binaries of GNU CC for bootstrapping. |
---|
949 | |
---|
950 | `m68k-altos' |
---|
951 | Altos 3068. You must use the GNU assembler, linker and debugger. |
---|
952 | Also, you must fix a kernel bug. Details in the file |
---|
953 | `README.ALTOS'. |
---|
954 | |
---|
955 | `m68k-apple-aux' |
---|
956 | Apple Macintosh running A/UX. You may configure GCC to use |
---|
957 | either the system assembler and linker or the GNU assembler and |
---|
958 | linker. You should use the GNU configuration if you can, |
---|
959 | especially if you also want to use GNU C++. You enabled that |
---|
960 | configuration with + the `--with-gnu-as' and `--with-gnu-ld' |
---|
961 | options to `configure'. |
---|
962 | |
---|
963 | Note the C compiler that comes with this system cannot compile GNU |
---|
964 | CC. You can fine binaries of GNU CC for bootstrapping on |
---|
965 | `jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov'. You will also a patched version of |
---|
966 | `/bin/ld' there that raises some of the arbitrary limits found in |
---|
967 | the original. |
---|
968 | |
---|
969 | `m68k-att-sysv' |
---|
970 | AT&T 3b1, a.k.a. 7300 PC. Special procedures are needed to |
---|
971 | compile GNU CC with this machine's standard C compiler, due to |
---|
972 | bugs in that compiler. You can bootstrap it more easily with |
---|
973 | previous versions of GNU CC if you have them. |
---|
974 | |
---|
975 | Installing GNU CC on the 3b1 is difficult if you do not already |
---|
976 | have GNU CC running, due to bugs in the installed C compiler. |
---|
977 | However, the following procedure might work. We are unable to |
---|
978 | test it. |
---|
979 | |
---|
980 | 1. Comment out the `#include "config.h"' line near the start of |
---|
981 | `cccp.c' and do `make cpp'. This makes a preliminary version |
---|
982 | of GNU cpp. |
---|
983 | |
---|
984 | 2. Save the old `/lib/cpp' and copy the preliminary GNU cpp to |
---|
985 | that file name. |
---|
986 | |
---|
987 | 3. Undo your change in `cccp.c', or reinstall the original |
---|
988 | version, and do `make cpp' again. |
---|
989 | |
---|
990 | 4. Copy this final version of GNU cpp into `/lib/cpp'. |
---|
991 | |
---|
992 | 5. Replace every occurrence of `obstack_free' in the file |
---|
993 | `tree.c' with `_obstack_free'. |
---|
994 | |
---|
995 | 6. Run `make' to get the first-stage GNU CC. |
---|
996 | |
---|
997 | 7. Reinstall the original version of `/lib/cpp'. |
---|
998 | |
---|
999 | 8. Now you can compile GNU CC with itself and install it in the |
---|
1000 | normal fashion. |
---|
1001 | |
---|
1002 | `m68k-bull-sysv' |
---|
1003 | Bull DPX/2 series 200 and 300 with BOS-2.00.45 up to BOS-2.01. GNU |
---|
1004 | CC works either with native assembler or GNU assembler. You can use |
---|
1005 | GNU assembler with native coff generation by providing |
---|
1006 | `--with-gnu-as' to the configure script or use GNU assembler with |
---|
1007 | dbx-in-coff encapsulation by providing `--with-gnu-as --stabs'. |
---|
1008 | For any problem with native assembler or for availability of the |
---|
1009 | DPX/2 port of GAS, contact `F.Pierresteguy@frcl.bull.fr'. |
---|
1010 | |
---|
1011 | `m68k-crds-unox' |
---|
1012 | Use `configure unos' for building on Unos. |
---|
1013 | |
---|
1014 | The Unos assembler is named `casm' instead of `as'. For some |
---|
1015 | strange reason linking `/bin/as' to `/bin/casm' changes the |
---|
1016 | behavior, and does not work. So, when installing GNU CC, you |
---|
1017 | should install the following script as `as' in the subdirectory |
---|
1018 | where the passes of GCC are installed: |
---|
1019 | |
---|
1020 | #!/bin/sh |
---|
1021 | casm $* |
---|
1022 | |
---|
1023 | The default Unos library is named `libunos.a' instead of `libc.a'. |
---|
1024 | To allow GNU CC to function, either change all references to |
---|
1025 | `-lc' in `gcc.c' to `-lunos' or link `/lib/libc.a' to |
---|
1026 | `/lib/libunos.a'. |
---|
1027 | |
---|
1028 | When compiling GNU CC with the standard compiler, to overcome bugs |
---|
1029 | in the support of `alloca', do not use `-O' when making stage 2. |
---|
1030 | Then use the stage 2 compiler with `-O' to make the stage 3 |
---|
1031 | compiler. This compiler will have the same characteristics as the |
---|
1032 | usual stage 2 compiler on other systems. Use it to make a stage 4 |
---|
1033 | compiler and compare that with stage 3 to verify proper |
---|
1034 | compilation. |
---|
1035 | |
---|
1036 | (Perhaps simply defining `ALLOCA' in `x-crds' as described in the |
---|
1037 | comments there will make the above paragraph superfluous. Please |
---|
1038 | inform us of whether this works.) |
---|
1039 | |
---|
1040 | Unos uses memory segmentation instead of demand paging, so you |
---|
1041 | will need a lot of memory. 5 Mb is barely enough if no other |
---|
1042 | tasks are running. If linking `cc1' fails, try putting the object |
---|
1043 | files into a library and linking from that library. |
---|
1044 | |
---|
1045 | `m68k-hp-hpux' |
---|
1046 | HP 9000 series 300 or 400 running HP-UX. HP-UX version 8.0 has a |
---|
1047 | bug in the assembler that prevents compilation of GNU CC. To fix |
---|
1048 | it, get patch PHCO_4484 from HP. |
---|
1049 | |
---|
1050 | In addition, if you wish to use gas `--with-gnu-as' you must use |
---|
1051 | gas version 2.1 or later, and you must use the GNU linker version |
---|
1052 | 2.1 or later. Earlier versions of gas relied upon a program which |
---|
1053 | converted the gas output into the native HP/UX format, but that |
---|
1054 | program has not been kept up to date. gdb does not understand |
---|
1055 | that native HP/UX format, so you must use gas if you wish to use |
---|
1056 | gdb. |
---|
1057 | |
---|
1058 | `m68k-sun' |
---|
1059 | Sun 3. We do not provide a configuration file to use the Sun FPA |
---|
1060 | by default, because programs that establish signal handlers for |
---|
1061 | floating point traps inherently cannot work with the FPA. |
---|
1062 | |
---|
1063 | See *Note Sun Install::, for information on installing GNU CC on |
---|
1064 | Sun systems. |
---|
1065 | |
---|
1066 | `m88k-*-svr3' |
---|
1067 | Motorola m88k running the AT&T/Unisoft/Motorola V.3 reference port. |
---|
1068 | These systems tend to use the Green Hills C, revision 1.8.5, as the |
---|
1069 | standard C compiler. There are apparently bugs in this compiler |
---|
1070 | that result in object files differences between stage 2 and stage |
---|
1071 | 3. If this happens, make the stage 4 compiler and compare it to |
---|
1072 | the stage 3 compiler. If the stage 3 and stage 4 object files are |
---|
1073 | identical, this suggests you encountered a problem with the |
---|
1074 | standard C compiler; the stage 3 and 4 compilers may be usable. |
---|
1075 | |
---|
1076 | It is best, however, to use an older version of GNU CC for |
---|
1077 | bootstrapping if you have one. |
---|
1078 | |
---|
1079 | `m88k-*-dgux' |
---|
1080 | Motorola m88k running DG/UX. To build 88open BCS native or cross |
---|
1081 | compilers on DG/UX, specify the configuration name as |
---|
1082 | `m88k-*-dguxbcs' and build in the 88open BCS software development |
---|
1083 | environment. To build ELF native or cross compilers on DG/UX, |
---|
1084 | specify `m88k-*-dgux' and build in the DG/UX ELF development |
---|
1085 | environment. You set the software development environment by |
---|
1086 | issuing `sde-target' command and specifying either `m88kbcs' or |
---|
1087 | `m88kdguxelf' as the operand. |
---|
1088 | |
---|
1089 | If you do not specify a configuration name, `configure' guesses the |
---|
1090 | configuration based on the current software development |
---|
1091 | environment. |
---|
1092 | |
---|
1093 | `m88k-tektronix-sysv3' |
---|
1094 | Tektronix XD88 running UTekV 3.2e. Do not turn on optimization |
---|
1095 | while building stage1 if you bootstrap with the buggy Green Hills |
---|
1096 | compiler. Also, The bundled LAI System V NFS is buggy so if you |
---|
1097 | build in an NFS mounted directory, start from a fresh reboot, or |
---|
1098 | avoid NFS all together. Otherwise you may have trouble getting |
---|
1099 | clean comparisons between stages. |
---|
1100 | |
---|
1101 | `mips-mips-bsd' |
---|
1102 | MIPS machines running the MIPS operating system in BSD mode. It's |
---|
1103 | possible that some old versions of the system lack the functions |
---|
1104 | `memcpy', `memcmp', and `memset'. If your system lacks these, you |
---|
1105 | must remove or undo the definition of `TARGET_MEM_FUNCTIONS' in |
---|
1106 | `mips-bsd.h'. |
---|
1107 | |
---|
1108 | The MIPS C compiler needs to be told to increase its table size |
---|
1109 | for switch statements with the `-Wf,-XNg1500' option in order to |
---|
1110 | compile `cp/parse.c'. If you use the `-O2' optimization option, |
---|
1111 | you also need to use `-Olimit 3000'. Both of these options are |
---|
1112 | automatically generated in the `Makefile' that the shell script |
---|
1113 | `configure' builds. If you override the `CC' make variable and |
---|
1114 | use the MIPS compilers, you may need to add `-Wf,-XNg1500 -Olimit |
---|
1115 | 3000'. |
---|
1116 | |
---|
1117 | `mips-mips-riscos*' |
---|
1118 | The MIPS C compiler needs to be told to increase its table size |
---|
1119 | for switch statements with the `-Wf,-XNg1500' option in order to |
---|
1120 | compile `cp/parse.c'. If you use the `-O2' optimization option, |
---|
1121 | you also need to use `-Olimit 3000'. Both of these options are |
---|
1122 | automatically generated in the `Makefile' that the shell script |
---|
1123 | `configure' builds. If you override the `CC' make variable and |
---|
1124 | use the MIPS compilers, you may need to add `-Wf,-XNg1500 -Olimit |
---|
1125 | 3000'. |
---|
1126 | |
---|
1127 | MIPS computers running RISC-OS can support four different |
---|
1128 | personalities: default, BSD 4.3, System V.3, and System V.4 (older |
---|
1129 | versions of RISC-OS don't support V.4). To configure GCC for |
---|
1130 | these platforms use the following configurations: |
---|
1131 | |
---|
1132 | `mips-mips-riscos`rev'' |
---|
1133 | Default configuration for RISC-OS, revision `rev'. |
---|
1134 | |
---|
1135 | `mips-mips-riscos`rev'bsd' |
---|
1136 | BSD 4.3 configuration for RISC-OS, revision `rev'. |
---|
1137 | |
---|
1138 | `mips-mips-riscos`rev'sysv4' |
---|
1139 | System V.4 configuration for RISC-OS, revision `rev'. |
---|
1140 | |
---|
1141 | `mips-mips-riscos`rev'sysv' |
---|
1142 | System V.3 configuration for RISC-OS, revision `rev'. |
---|
1143 | |
---|
1144 | The revision `rev' mentioned above is the revision of RISC-OS to |
---|
1145 | use. You must reconfigure GCC when going from a RISC-OS revision |
---|
1146 | 4 to RISC-OS revision 5. This has the effect of avoiding a linker |
---|
1147 | bug. |
---|
1148 | |
---|
1149 | `mips-sgi-*' |
---|
1150 | In order to compile GCC on an SGI running IRIX 4, the "c.hdr.lib" |
---|
1151 | option must be installed from the CD-ROM supplied from Silicon |
---|
1152 | Graphics. This is found on the 2nd CD in release 4.0.1. |
---|
1153 | |
---|
1154 | In order to compile GCC on an SGI running IRIX 5, the |
---|
1155 | "compiler_dev.hdr" subsystem must be installed from the IDO CD-ROM |
---|
1156 | supplied by Silicon Graphics. |
---|
1157 | |
---|
1158 | `make compare' may fail on version 5 of IRIX unless you add |
---|
1159 | `-save-temps' to `CFLAGS'. On these systems, the name of the |
---|
1160 | assembler input file is stored in the object file, and that makes |
---|
1161 | comparison fail if it differs between the `stage1' and `stage2' |
---|
1162 | compilations. The option `-save-temps' forces a fixed name to be |
---|
1163 | used for the assembler input file, instead of a randomly chosen |
---|
1164 | name in `/tmp'. Do not add `-save-temps' unless the comparisons |
---|
1165 | fail without that option. If you do you `-save-temps', you will |
---|
1166 | have to manually delete the `.i' and `.s' files after each series |
---|
1167 | of compilations. |
---|
1168 | |
---|
1169 | The MIPS C compiler needs to be told to increase its table size |
---|
1170 | for switch statements with the `-Wf,-XNg1500' option in order to |
---|
1171 | compile `cp/parse.c'. If you use the `-O2' optimization option, |
---|
1172 | you also need to use `-Olimit 3000'. Both of these options are |
---|
1173 | automatically generated in the `Makefile' that the shell script |
---|
1174 | `configure' builds. If you override the `CC' make variable and |
---|
1175 | use the MIPS compilers, you may need to add `-Wf,-XNg1500 -Olimit |
---|
1176 | 3000'. |
---|
1177 | |
---|
1178 | On Irix version 4.0.5F, and perhaps on some other versions as well, |
---|
1179 | there is an assembler bug that reorders instructions incorrectly. |
---|
1180 | To work around it, specify the target configuration |
---|
1181 | `mips-sgi-irix4loser'. This configuration inhibits assembler |
---|
1182 | optimization. |
---|
1183 | |
---|
1184 | In a compiler configured with target `mips-sgi-irix4', you can turn |
---|
1185 | off assembler optimization by using the `-noasmopt' option. This |
---|
1186 | compiler option passes the option `-O0' to the assembler, to |
---|
1187 | inhibit reordering. |
---|
1188 | |
---|
1189 | The `-noasmopt' option can be useful for testing whether a problem |
---|
1190 | is due to erroneous assembler reordering. Even if a problem does |
---|
1191 | not go away with `-noasmopt', it may still be due to assembler |
---|
1192 | reordering--perhaps GNU CC itself was miscompiled as a result. |
---|
1193 | |
---|
1194 | To enable debugging under Irix 5, you must use GNU as 2.5 or later, |
---|
1195 | and use the `--with-gnu-as' configure option when configuring gcc. |
---|
1196 | GNU as is distributed as part of the binutils package. |
---|
1197 | |
---|
1198 | `mips-sony-sysv' |
---|
1199 | Sony MIPS NEWS. This works in NEWSOS 5.0.1, but not in 5.0.2 |
---|
1200 | (which uses ELF instead of COFF). Support for 5.0.2 will probably |
---|
1201 | be provided soon by volunteers. In particular, the linker does |
---|
1202 | not like the code generated by GCC when shared libraries are |
---|
1203 | linked in. |
---|
1204 | |
---|
1205 | `ns32k-encore' |
---|
1206 | Encore ns32000 system. Encore systems are supported only under |
---|
1207 | BSD. |
---|
1208 | |
---|
1209 | `ns32k-*-genix' |
---|
1210 | National Semiconductor ns32000 system. Genix has bugs in `alloca' |
---|
1211 | and `malloc'; you must get the compiled versions of these from GNU |
---|
1212 | Emacs. |
---|
1213 | |
---|
1214 | `ns32k-sequent' |
---|
1215 | Go to the Berkeley universe before compiling. |
---|
1216 | |
---|
1217 | `ns32k-utek' |
---|
1218 | UTEK ns32000 system ("merlin"). The C compiler that comes with |
---|
1219 | this system cannot compile GNU CC; contact `tektronix!reed!mason' |
---|
1220 | to get binaries of GNU CC for bootstrapping. |
---|
1221 | |
---|
1222 | `romp-*-aos' |
---|
1223 | `romp-*-mach' |
---|
1224 | The only operating systems supported for the IBM RT PC are AOS and |
---|
1225 | MACH. GNU CC does not support AIX running on the RT. We |
---|
1226 | recommend you compile GNU CC with an earlier version of itself; if |
---|
1227 | you compile GNU CC with `hc', the Metaware compiler, it will work, |
---|
1228 | but you will get mismatches between the stage 2 and stage 3 |
---|
1229 | compilers in various files. These errors are minor differences in |
---|
1230 | some floating-point constants and can be safely ignored; the stage |
---|
1231 | 3 compiler is correct. |
---|
1232 | |
---|
1233 | `rs6000-*-aix' |
---|
1234 | `powerpc-*-aix' |
---|
1235 | Various early versions of each release of the IBM XLC compiler |
---|
1236 | will not bootstrap GNU CC. Symptoms include differences between |
---|
1237 | the stage2 and stage3 object files, and errors when compiling |
---|
1238 | `libgcc.a' or `enquire'. Known problematic releases include: |
---|
1239 | xlc-1.2.1.8, xlc-1.3.0.0 (distributed with AIX 3.2.5), and |
---|
1240 | xlc-1.3.0.19. Both xlc-1.2.1.28 and xlc-1.3.0.24 (PTF 432238) are |
---|
1241 | known to produce working versions of GNU CC, but most other recent |
---|
1242 | releases correctly bootstrap GNU CC. |
---|
1243 | |
---|
1244 | Release 4.3.0 of AIX and ones prior to AIX 3.2.4 include a version |
---|
1245 | of the IBM assembler which does not accept debugging directives: |
---|
1246 | assembler updates are available as PTFs. Also, if you are using |
---|
1247 | AIX 3.2.5 or greater and the GNU assembler, you must have a |
---|
1248 | version modified after October 16th, 1995 in order for the GNU C |
---|
1249 | compiler to build. See the file `README.RS6000' for more details |
---|
1250 | on any of these problems. |
---|
1251 | |
---|
1252 | GNU CC does not yet support the 64-bit PowerPC instructions. |
---|
1253 | |
---|
1254 | Objective C does not work on this architecture because it makes |
---|
1255 | assumptions that are incompatible with the calling conventions. |
---|
1256 | |
---|
1257 | AIX on the RS/6000 provides support (NLS) for environments outside |
---|
1258 | of the United States. Compilers and assemblers use NLS to support |
---|
1259 | locale-specific representations of various objects including |
---|
1260 | floating-point numbers ("." vs "," for separating decimal |
---|
1261 | fractions). There have been problems reported where the library |
---|
1262 | linked with GNU CC does not produce the same floating-point |
---|
1263 | formats that the assembler accepts. If you have this problem, set |
---|
1264 | the LANG environment variable to "C" or "En_US". |
---|
1265 | |
---|
1266 | Due to changes in the way that GNU CC invokes the binder (linker) |
---|
1267 | for AIX 4.1, you may now receive warnings of duplicate symbols |
---|
1268 | from the link step that were not reported before. The assembly |
---|
1269 | files generated by GNU CC for AIX have always included multiple |
---|
1270 | symbol definitions for certain global variable and function |
---|
1271 | declarations in the original program. The warnings should not |
---|
1272 | prevent the linker from producing a correct library or runnable |
---|
1273 | executable. |
---|
1274 | |
---|
1275 | By default, AIX 4.1 produces code that can be used on either Power |
---|
1276 | or PowerPC processors. |
---|
1277 | |
---|
1278 | You can specify a default version for the `-mcpu='CPU_TYPE switch |
---|
1279 | by using the configure option `--with-cpu-'CPU_TYPE. |
---|
1280 | |
---|
1281 | `powerpc-*-elf' |
---|
1282 | `powerpc-*-sysv4' |
---|
1283 | PowerPC system in big endian mode, running System V.4. |
---|
1284 | |
---|
1285 | You can specify a default version for the `-mcpu='CPU_TYPE switch |
---|
1286 | by using the configure option `--with-cpu-'CPU_TYPE. |
---|
1287 | |
---|
1288 | `powerpc-*-linux-gnu' |
---|
1289 | PowerPC system in big endian mode, running the Linux-based GNU |
---|
1290 | system. |
---|
1291 | |
---|
1292 | You can specify a default version for the `-mcpu='CPU_TYPE switch |
---|
1293 | by using the configure option `--with-cpu-'CPU_TYPE. |
---|
1294 | |
---|
1295 | `powerpc-*-eabiaix' |
---|
1296 | Embedded PowerPC system in big endian mode with -mcall-aix |
---|
1297 | selected as the default. |
---|
1298 | |
---|
1299 | You can specify a default version for the `-mcpu='CPU_TYPE switch |
---|
1300 | by using the configure option `--with-cpu-'CPU_TYPE. |
---|
1301 | |
---|
1302 | `powerpc-*-eabisim' |
---|
1303 | Embedded PowerPC system in big endian mode for use in running |
---|
1304 | under the PSIM simulator. |
---|
1305 | |
---|
1306 | You can specify a default version for the `-mcpu='CPU_TYPE switch |
---|
1307 | by using the configure option `--with-cpu-'CPU_TYPE. |
---|
1308 | |
---|
1309 | `powerpc-*-eabi' |
---|
1310 | Embedded PowerPC system in big endian mode. |
---|
1311 | |
---|
1312 | You can specify a default version for the `-mcpu='CPU_TYPE switch |
---|
1313 | by using the configure option `--with-cpu-'CPU_TYPE. |
---|
1314 | |
---|
1315 | `powerpcle-*-elf' |
---|
1316 | `powerpcle-*-sysv4' |
---|
1317 | PowerPC system in little endian mode, running System V.4. |
---|
1318 | |
---|
1319 | You can specify a default version for the `-mcpu='CPU_TYPE switch |
---|
1320 | by using the configure option `--with-cpu-'CPU_TYPE. |
---|
1321 | |
---|
1322 | `powerpcle-*-solaris2*' |
---|
1323 | PowerPC system in little endian mode, running Solaris 2.5.1 or |
---|
1324 | higher. |
---|
1325 | |
---|
1326 | You can specify a default version for the `-mcpu='CPU_TYPE switch |
---|
1327 | by using the configure option `--with-cpu-'CPU_TYPE. Beta |
---|
1328 | versions of the Sun 4.0 compiler do not seem to be able to build |
---|
1329 | GNU CC correctly. There are also problems with the host assembler |
---|
1330 | and linker that are fixed by using the GNU versions of these tools. |
---|
1331 | |
---|
1332 | `powerpcle-*-eabisim' |
---|
1333 | Embedded PowerPC system in little endian mode for use in running |
---|
1334 | under the PSIM simulator. |
---|
1335 | |
---|
1336 | `powerpcle-*-eabi' |
---|
1337 | Embedded PowerPC system in little endian mode. |
---|
1338 | |
---|
1339 | You can specify a default version for the `-mcpu='CPU_TYPE switch |
---|
1340 | by using the configure option `--with-cpu-'CPU_TYPE. |
---|
1341 | |
---|
1342 | `powerpcle-*-winnt' |
---|
1343 | `powerpcle-*-pe' |
---|
1344 | PowerPC system in little endian mode running Windows NT. |
---|
1345 | |
---|
1346 | You can specify a default version for the `-mcpu='CPU_TYPE switch |
---|
1347 | by using the configure option `--with-cpu-'CPU_TYPE. |
---|
1348 | |
---|
1349 | `vax-dec-ultrix' |
---|
1350 | Don't try compiling with Vax C (`vcc'). It produces incorrect code |
---|
1351 | in some cases (for example, when `alloca' is used). |
---|
1352 | |
---|
1353 | Meanwhile, compiling `cp/parse.c' with pcc does not work because of |
---|
1354 | an internal table size limitation in that compiler. To avoid this |
---|
1355 | problem, compile just the GNU C compiler first, and use it to |
---|
1356 | recompile building all the languages that you want to run. |
---|
1357 | |
---|
1358 | `sparc-sun-*' |
---|
1359 | See *Note Sun Install::, for information on installing GNU CC on |
---|
1360 | Sun systems. |
---|
1361 | |
---|
1362 | `vax-dec-vms' |
---|
1363 | See *Note VMS Install::, for details on how to install GNU CC on |
---|
1364 | VMS. |
---|
1365 | |
---|
1366 | `we32k-*-*' |
---|
1367 | These computers are also known as the 3b2, 3b5, 3b20 and other |
---|
1368 | similar names. (However, the 3b1 is actually a 68000; see *Note |
---|
1369 | Configurations::.) |
---|
1370 | |
---|
1371 | Don't use `-g' when compiling with the system's compiler. The |
---|
1372 | system's linker seems to be unable to handle such a large program |
---|
1373 | with debugging information. |
---|
1374 | |
---|
1375 | The system's compiler runs out of capacity when compiling `stmt.c' |
---|
1376 | in GNU CC. You can work around this by building `cpp' in GNU CC |
---|
1377 | first, then use that instead of the system's preprocessor with the |
---|
1378 | system's C compiler to compile `stmt.c'. Here is how: |
---|
1379 | |
---|
1380 | mv /lib/cpp /lib/cpp.att |
---|
1381 | cp cpp /lib/cpp.gnu |
---|
1382 | echo '/lib/cpp.gnu -traditional ${1+"$@"}' > /lib/cpp |
---|
1383 | chmod +x /lib/cpp |
---|
1384 | |
---|
1385 | The system's compiler produces bad code for some of the GNU CC |
---|
1386 | optimization files. So you must build the stage 2 compiler without |
---|
1387 | optimization. Then build a stage 3 compiler with optimization. |
---|
1388 | That executable should work. Here are the necessary commands: |
---|
1389 | |
---|
1390 | make LANGUAGES=c CC=stage1/xgcc CFLAGS="-Bstage1/ -g" |
---|
1391 | make stage2 |
---|
1392 | make CC=stage2/xgcc CFLAGS="-Bstage2/ -g -O" |
---|
1393 | |
---|
1394 | You may need to raise the ULIMIT setting to build a C++ compiler, |
---|
1395 | as the file `cc1plus' is larger than one megabyte. |
---|
1396 | |
---|
1397 | Compilation in a Separate Directory |
---|
1398 | =================================== |
---|
1399 | |
---|
1400 | If you wish to build the object files and executables in a directory |
---|
1401 | other than the one containing the source files, here is what you must |
---|
1402 | do differently: |
---|
1403 | |
---|
1404 | 1. Make sure you have a version of Make that supports the `VPATH' |
---|
1405 | feature. (GNU Make supports it, as do Make versions on most BSD |
---|
1406 | systems.) |
---|
1407 | |
---|
1408 | 2. If you have ever run `configure' in the source directory, you must |
---|
1409 | undo the configuration. Do this by running: |
---|
1410 | |
---|
1411 | make distclean |
---|
1412 | |
---|
1413 | 3. Go to the directory in which you want to build the compiler before |
---|
1414 | running `configure': |
---|
1415 | |
---|
1416 | mkdir gcc-sun3 |
---|
1417 | cd gcc-sun3 |
---|
1418 | |
---|
1419 | On systems that do not support symbolic links, this directory must |
---|
1420 | be on the same file system as the source code directory. |
---|
1421 | |
---|
1422 | 4. Specify where to find `configure' when you run it: |
---|
1423 | |
---|
1424 | ../gcc/configure ... |
---|
1425 | |
---|
1426 | This also tells `configure' where to find the compiler sources; |
---|
1427 | `configure' takes the directory from the file name that was used to |
---|
1428 | invoke it. But if you want to be sure, you can specify the source |
---|
1429 | directory with the `--srcdir' option, like this: |
---|
1430 | |
---|
1431 | ../gcc/configure --srcdir=../gcc OTHER OPTIONS |
---|
1432 | |
---|
1433 | The directory you specify with `--srcdir' need not be the same as |
---|
1434 | the one that `configure' is found in. |
---|
1435 | |
---|
1436 | Now, you can run `make' in that directory. You need not repeat the |
---|
1437 | configuration steps shown above, when ordinary source files change. You |
---|
1438 | must, however, run `configure' again when the configuration files |
---|
1439 | change, if your system does not support symbolic links. |
---|
1440 | |
---|
1441 | Building and Installing a Cross-Compiler |
---|
1442 | ======================================== |
---|
1443 | |
---|
1444 | GNU CC can function as a cross-compiler for many machines, but not |
---|
1445 | all. |
---|
1446 | |
---|
1447 | * Cross-compilers for the Mips as target using the Mips assembler |
---|
1448 | currently do not work, because the auxiliary programs |
---|
1449 | `mips-tdump.c' and `mips-tfile.c' can't be compiled on anything |
---|
1450 | but a Mips. It does work to cross compile for a Mips if you use |
---|
1451 | the GNU assembler and linker. |
---|
1452 | |
---|
1453 | * Cross-compilers between machines with different floating point |
---|
1454 | formats have not all been made to work. GNU CC now has a floating |
---|
1455 | point emulator with which these can work, but each target machine |
---|
1456 | description needs to be updated to take advantage of it. |
---|
1457 | |
---|
1458 | * Cross-compilation between machines of different word sizes is |
---|
1459 | somewhat problematic and sometimes does not work. |
---|
1460 | |
---|
1461 | Since GNU CC generates assembler code, you probably need a |
---|
1462 | cross-assembler that GNU CC can run, in order to produce object files. |
---|
1463 | If you want to link on other than the target machine, you need a |
---|
1464 | cross-linker as well. You also need header files and libraries suitable |
---|
1465 | for the target machine that you can install on the host machine. |
---|
1466 | |
---|
1467 | Steps of Cross-Compilation |
---|
1468 | -------------------------- |
---|
1469 | |
---|
1470 | To compile and run a program using a cross-compiler involves several |
---|
1471 | steps: |
---|
1472 | |
---|
1473 | * Run the cross-compiler on the host machine to produce assembler |
---|
1474 | files for the target machine. This requires header files for the |
---|
1475 | target machine. |
---|
1476 | |
---|
1477 | * Assemble the files produced by the cross-compiler. You can do this |
---|
1478 | either with an assembler on the target machine, or with a |
---|
1479 | cross-assembler on the host machine. |
---|
1480 | |
---|
1481 | * Link those files to make an executable. You can do this either |
---|
1482 | with a linker on the target machine, or with a cross-linker on the |
---|
1483 | host machine. Whichever machine you use, you need libraries and |
---|
1484 | certain startup files (typically `crt....o') for the target |
---|
1485 | machine. |
---|
1486 | |
---|
1487 | It is most convenient to do all of these steps on the same host |
---|
1488 | machine, since then you can do it all with a single invocation of GNU |
---|
1489 | CC. This requires a suitable cross-assembler and cross-linker. For |
---|
1490 | some targets, the GNU assembler and linker are available. |
---|
1491 | |
---|
1492 | Configuring a Cross-Compiler |
---|
1493 | ---------------------------- |
---|
1494 | |
---|
1495 | To build GNU CC as a cross-compiler, you start out by running |
---|
1496 | `configure'. Use the `--target=TARGET' to specify the target type. If |
---|
1497 | `configure' was unable to correctly identify the system you are running |
---|
1498 | on, also specify the `--build=BUILD' option. For example, here is how |
---|
1499 | to configure for a cross-compiler that produces code for an HP 68030 |
---|
1500 | system running BSD on a system that `configure' can correctly identify: |
---|
1501 | |
---|
1502 | ./configure --target=m68k-hp-bsd4.3 |
---|
1503 | |
---|
1504 | Tools and Libraries for a Cross-Compiler |
---|
1505 | ---------------------------------------- |
---|
1506 | |
---|
1507 | If you have a cross-assembler and cross-linker available, you should |
---|
1508 | install them now. Put them in the directory `/usr/local/TARGET/bin'. |
---|
1509 | Here is a table of the tools you should put in this directory: |
---|
1510 | |
---|
1511 | `as' |
---|
1512 | This should be the cross-assembler. |
---|
1513 | |
---|
1514 | `ld' |
---|
1515 | This should be the cross-linker. |
---|
1516 | |
---|
1517 | `ar' |
---|
1518 | This should be the cross-archiver: a program which can manipulate |
---|
1519 | archive files (linker libraries) in the target machine's format. |
---|
1520 | |
---|
1521 | `ranlib' |
---|
1522 | This should be a program to construct a symbol table in an archive |
---|
1523 | file. |
---|
1524 | |
---|
1525 | The installation of GNU CC will find these programs in that |
---|
1526 | directory, and copy or link them to the proper place to for the |
---|
1527 | cross-compiler to find them when run later. |
---|
1528 | |
---|
1529 | The easiest way to provide these files is to build the Binutils |
---|
1530 | package and GAS. Configure them with the same `--host' and `--target' |
---|
1531 | options that you use for configuring GNU CC, then build and install |
---|
1532 | them. They install their executables automatically into the proper |
---|
1533 | directory. Alas, they do not support all the targets that GNU CC |
---|
1534 | supports. |
---|
1535 | |
---|
1536 | If you want to install libraries to use with the cross-compiler, |
---|
1537 | such as a standard C library, put them in the directory |
---|
1538 | `/usr/local/TARGET/lib'; installation of GNU CC copies all the files in |
---|
1539 | that subdirectory into the proper place for GNU CC to find them and |
---|
1540 | link with them. Here's an example of copying some libraries from a |
---|
1541 | target machine: |
---|
1542 | |
---|
1543 | ftp TARGET-MACHINE |
---|
1544 | lcd /usr/local/TARGET/lib |
---|
1545 | cd /lib |
---|
1546 | get libc.a |
---|
1547 | cd /usr/lib |
---|
1548 | get libg.a |
---|
1549 | get libm.a |
---|
1550 | quit |
---|
1551 | |
---|
1552 | The precise set of libraries you'll need, and their locations on the |
---|
1553 | target machine, vary depending on its operating system. |
---|
1554 | |
---|
1555 | Many targets require "start files" such as `crt0.o' and `crtn.o' |
---|
1556 | which are linked into each executable; these too should be placed in |
---|
1557 | `/usr/local/TARGET/lib'. There may be several alternatives for |
---|
1558 | `crt0.o', for use with profiling or other compilation options. Check |
---|
1559 | your target's definition of `STARTFILE_SPEC' to find out what start |
---|
1560 | files it uses. Here's an example of copying these files from a target |
---|
1561 | machine: |
---|
1562 | |
---|
1563 | ftp TARGET-MACHINE |
---|
1564 | lcd /usr/local/TARGET/lib |
---|
1565 | prompt |
---|
1566 | cd /lib |
---|
1567 | mget *crt*.o |
---|
1568 | cd /usr/lib |
---|
1569 | mget *crt*.o |
---|
1570 | quit |
---|
1571 | |
---|
1572 | `libgcc.a' and Cross-Compilers |
---|
1573 | ------------------------------ |
---|
1574 | |
---|
1575 | Code compiled by GNU CC uses certain runtime support functions |
---|
1576 | implicitly. Some of these functions can be compiled successfully with |
---|
1577 | GNU CC itself, but a few cannot be. These problem functions are in the |
---|
1578 | source file `libgcc1.c'; the library made from them is called |
---|
1579 | `libgcc1.a'. |
---|
1580 | |
---|
1581 | When you build a native compiler, these functions are compiled with |
---|
1582 | some other compiler-the one that you use for bootstrapping GNU CC. |
---|
1583 | Presumably it knows how to open code these operations, or else knows how |
---|
1584 | to call the run-time emulation facilities that the machine comes with. |
---|
1585 | But this approach doesn't work for building a cross-compiler. The |
---|
1586 | compiler that you use for building knows about the host system, not the |
---|
1587 | target system. |
---|
1588 | |
---|
1589 | So, when you build a cross-compiler you have to supply a suitable |
---|
1590 | library `libgcc1.a' that does the job it is expected to do. |
---|
1591 | |
---|
1592 | To compile `libgcc1.c' with the cross-compiler itself does not work. |
---|
1593 | The functions in this file are supposed to implement arithmetic |
---|
1594 | operations that GNU CC does not know how to open code for your target |
---|
1595 | machine. If these functions are compiled with GNU CC itself, they will |
---|
1596 | compile into infinite recursion. |
---|
1597 | |
---|
1598 | On any given target, most of these functions are not needed. If GNU |
---|
1599 | CC can open code an arithmetic operation, it will not call these |
---|
1600 | functions to perform the operation. It is possible that on your target |
---|
1601 | machine, none of these functions is needed. If so, you can supply an |
---|
1602 | empty library as `libgcc1.a'. |
---|
1603 | |
---|
1604 | Many targets need library support only for multiplication and |
---|
1605 | division. If you are linking with a library that contains functions for |
---|
1606 | multiplication and division, you can tell GNU CC to call them directly |
---|
1607 | by defining the macros `MULSI3_LIBCALL', and the like. These macros |
---|
1608 | need to be defined in the target description macro file. For some |
---|
1609 | targets, they are defined already. This may be sufficient to avoid the |
---|
1610 | need for libgcc1.a; if so, you can supply an empty library. |
---|
1611 | |
---|
1612 | Some targets do not have floating point instructions; they need other |
---|
1613 | functions in `libgcc1.a', which do floating arithmetic. Recent |
---|
1614 | versions of GNU CC have a file which emulates floating point. With a |
---|
1615 | certain amount of work, you should be able to construct a floating |
---|
1616 | point emulator that can be used as `libgcc1.a'. Perhaps future |
---|
1617 | versions will contain code to do this automatically and conveniently. |
---|
1618 | That depends on whether someone wants to implement it. |
---|
1619 | |
---|
1620 | Some embedded targets come with all the necessary `libgcc1.a' |
---|
1621 | routines written in C or assembler. These targets build `libgcc1.a' |
---|
1622 | automatically and you do not need to do anything special for them. |
---|
1623 | Other embedded targets do not need any `libgcc1.a' routines since all |
---|
1624 | the necessary operations are supported by the hardware. |
---|
1625 | |
---|
1626 | If your target system has another C compiler, you can configure GNU |
---|
1627 | CC as a native compiler on that machine, build just `libgcc1.a' with |
---|
1628 | `make libgcc1.a' on that machine, and use the resulting file with the |
---|
1629 | cross-compiler. To do this, execute the following on the target |
---|
1630 | machine: |
---|
1631 | |
---|
1632 | cd TARGET-BUILD-DIR |
---|
1633 | ./configure --host=sparc --target=sun3 |
---|
1634 | make libgcc1.a |
---|
1635 | |
---|
1636 | And then this on the host machine: |
---|
1637 | |
---|
1638 | ftp TARGET-MACHINE |
---|
1639 | binary |
---|
1640 | cd TARGET-BUILD-DIR |
---|
1641 | get libgcc1.a |
---|
1642 | quit |
---|
1643 | |
---|
1644 | Another way to provide the functions you need in `libgcc1.a' is to |
---|
1645 | define the appropriate `perform_...' macros for those functions. If |
---|
1646 | these definitions do not use the C arithmetic operators that they are |
---|
1647 | meant to implement, you should be able to compile them with the |
---|
1648 | cross-compiler you are building. (If these definitions already exist |
---|
1649 | for your target file, then you are all set.) |
---|
1650 | |
---|
1651 | To build `libgcc1.a' using the perform macros, use |
---|
1652 | `LIBGCC1=libgcc1.a OLDCC=./xgcc' when building the compiler. |
---|
1653 | Otherwise, you should place your replacement library under the name |
---|
1654 | `libgcc1.a' in the directory in which you will build the |
---|
1655 | cross-compiler, before you run `make'. |
---|
1656 | |
---|
1657 | Cross-Compilers and Header Files |
---|
1658 | -------------------------------- |
---|
1659 | |
---|
1660 | If you are cross-compiling a standalone program or a program for an |
---|
1661 | embedded system, then you may not need any header files except the few |
---|
1662 | that are part of GNU CC (and those of your program). However, if you |
---|
1663 | intend to link your program with a standard C library such as `libc.a', |
---|
1664 | then you probably need to compile with the header files that go with |
---|
1665 | the library you use. |
---|
1666 | |
---|
1667 | The GNU C compiler does not come with these files, because (1) they |
---|
1668 | are system-specific, and (2) they belong in a C library, not in a |
---|
1669 | compiler. |
---|
1670 | |
---|
1671 | If the GNU C library supports your target machine, then you can get |
---|
1672 | the header files from there (assuming you actually use the GNU library |
---|
1673 | when you link your program). |
---|
1674 | |
---|
1675 | If your target machine comes with a C compiler, it probably comes |
---|
1676 | with suitable header files also. If you make these files accessible |
---|
1677 | from the host machine, the cross-compiler can use them also. |
---|
1678 | |
---|
1679 | Otherwise, you're on your own in finding header files to use when |
---|
1680 | cross-compiling. |
---|
1681 | |
---|
1682 | When you have found suitable header files, put them in the directory |
---|
1683 | `/usr/local/TARGET/include', before building the cross compiler. Then |
---|
1684 | installation will run fixincludes properly and install the corrected |
---|
1685 | versions of the header files where the compiler will use them. |
---|
1686 | |
---|
1687 | Provide the header files before you build the cross-compiler, because |
---|
1688 | the build stage actually runs the cross-compiler to produce parts of |
---|
1689 | `libgcc.a'. (These are the parts that *can* be compiled with GNU CC.) |
---|
1690 | Some of them need suitable header files. |
---|
1691 | |
---|
1692 | Here's an example showing how to copy the header files from a target |
---|
1693 | machine. On the target machine, do this: |
---|
1694 | |
---|
1695 | (cd /usr/include; tar cf - .) > tarfile |
---|
1696 | |
---|
1697 | Then, on the host machine, do this: |
---|
1698 | |
---|
1699 | ftp TARGET-MACHINE |
---|
1700 | lcd /usr/local/TARGET/include |
---|
1701 | get tarfile |
---|
1702 | quit |
---|
1703 | tar xf tarfile |
---|
1704 | |
---|
1705 | Actually Building the Cross-Compiler |
---|
1706 | ------------------------------------ |
---|
1707 | |
---|
1708 | Now you can proceed just as for compiling a single-machine compiler |
---|
1709 | through the step of building stage 1. If you have not provided some |
---|
1710 | sort of `libgcc1.a', then compilation will give up at the point where |
---|
1711 | it needs that file, printing a suitable error message. If you do |
---|
1712 | provide `libgcc1.a', then building the compiler will automatically |
---|
1713 | compile and link a test program called `libgcc1-test'; if you get |
---|
1714 | errors in the linking, it means that not all of the necessary routines |
---|
1715 | in `libgcc1.a' are available. |
---|
1716 | |
---|
1717 | You must provide the header file `float.h'. One way to do this is |
---|
1718 | to compile `enquire' and run it on your target machine. The job of |
---|
1719 | `enquire' is to run on the target machine and figure out by experiment |
---|
1720 | the nature of its floating point representation. `enquire' records its |
---|
1721 | findings in the header file `float.h'. If you can't produce this file |
---|
1722 | by running `enquire' on the target machine, then you will need to come |
---|
1723 | up with a suitable `float.h' in some other way (or else, avoid using it |
---|
1724 | in your programs). |
---|
1725 | |
---|
1726 | Do not try to build stage 2 for a cross-compiler. It doesn't work to |
---|
1727 | rebuild GNU CC as a cross-compiler using the cross-compiler, because |
---|
1728 | that would produce a program that runs on the target machine, not on the |
---|
1729 | host. For example, if you compile a 386-to-68030 cross-compiler with |
---|
1730 | itself, the result will not be right either for the 386 (because it was |
---|
1731 | compiled into 68030 code) or for the 68030 (because it was configured |
---|
1732 | for a 386 as the host). If you want to compile GNU CC into 68030 code, |
---|
1733 | whether you compile it on a 68030 or with a cross-compiler on a 386, you |
---|
1734 | must specify a 68030 as the host when you configure it. |
---|
1735 | |
---|
1736 | To install the cross-compiler, use `make install', as usual. |
---|
1737 | |
---|
1738 | Installing GNU CC on the Sun |
---|
1739 | ============================ |
---|
1740 | |
---|
1741 | On Solaris, do not use the linker or other tools in `/usr/ucb' to |
---|
1742 | build GNU CC. Use `/usr/ccs/bin'. |
---|
1743 | |
---|
1744 | If the assembler reports `Error: misaligned data' when bootstrapping, |
---|
1745 | you are probably using an obsolete version of the GNU assembler. |
---|
1746 | Upgrade to the latest version of GNU `binutils', or use the Solaris |
---|
1747 | assembler. |
---|
1748 | |
---|
1749 | Make sure the environment variable `FLOAT_OPTION' is not set when |
---|
1750 | you compile `libgcc.a'. If this option were set to `f68881' when |
---|
1751 | `libgcc.a' is compiled, the resulting code would demand to be linked |
---|
1752 | with a special startup file and would not link properly without special |
---|
1753 | pains. |
---|
1754 | |
---|
1755 | There is a bug in `alloca' in certain versions of the Sun library. |
---|
1756 | To avoid this bug, install the binaries of GNU CC that were compiled by |
---|
1757 | GNU CC. They use `alloca' as a built-in function and never the one in |
---|
1758 | the library. |
---|
1759 | |
---|
1760 | Some versions of the Sun compiler crash when compiling GNU CC. The |
---|
1761 | problem is a segmentation fault in cpp. This problem seems to be due to |
---|
1762 | the bulk of data in the environment variables. You may be able to avoid |
---|
1763 | it by using the following command to compile GNU CC with Sun CC: |
---|
1764 | |
---|
1765 | make CC="TERMCAP=x OBJS=x LIBFUNCS=x STAGESTUFF=x cc" |
---|
1766 | |
---|
1767 | SunOS 4.1.3 and 4.1.3_U1 have bugs that can cause intermittent core |
---|
1768 | dumps when compiling GNU CC. A common symptom is an internal compiler |
---|
1769 | error which does not recur if you run it again. To fix the problem, |
---|
1770 | install Sun recommended patch 100726 (for SunOS 4.1.3) or 101508 (for |
---|
1771 | SunOS 4.1.3_U1), or upgrade to a later SunOS release. |
---|
1772 | |
---|
1773 | Installing GNU CC on VMS |
---|
1774 | ======================== |
---|
1775 | |
---|
1776 | The VMS version of GNU CC is distributed in a backup saveset |
---|
1777 | containing both source code and precompiled binaries. |
---|
1778 | |
---|
1779 | To install the `gcc' command so you can use the compiler easily, in |
---|
1780 | the same manner as you use the VMS C compiler, you must install the VMS |
---|
1781 | CLD file for GNU CC as follows: |
---|
1782 | |
---|
1783 | 1. Define the VMS logical names `GNU_CC' and `GNU_CC_INCLUDE' to |
---|
1784 | point to the directories where the GNU CC executables |
---|
1785 | (`gcc-cpp.exe', `gcc-cc1.exe', etc.) and the C include files are |
---|
1786 | kept respectively. This should be done with the commands: |
---|
1787 | |
---|
1788 | $ assign /system /translation=concealed - |
---|
1789 | disk:[gcc.] gnu_cc |
---|
1790 | $ assign /system /translation=concealed - |
---|
1791 | disk:[gcc.include.] gnu_cc_include |
---|
1792 | |
---|
1793 | with the appropriate disk and directory names. These commands can |
---|
1794 | be placed in your system startup file so they will be executed |
---|
1795 | whenever the machine is rebooted. You may, if you choose, do this |
---|
1796 | via the `GCC_INSTALL.COM' script in the `[GCC]' directory. |
---|
1797 | |
---|
1798 | 2. Install the `GCC' command with the command line: |
---|
1799 | |
---|
1800 | $ set command /table=sys$common:[syslib]dcltables - |
---|
1801 | /output=sys$common:[syslib]dcltables gnu_cc:[000000]gcc |
---|
1802 | $ install replace sys$common:[syslib]dcltables |
---|
1803 | |
---|
1804 | 3. To install the help file, do the following: |
---|
1805 | |
---|
1806 | $ library/help sys$library:helplib.hlb gcc.hlp |
---|
1807 | |
---|
1808 | Now you can invoke the compiler with a command like `gcc /verbose |
---|
1809 | file.c', which is equivalent to the command `gcc -v -c file.c' in |
---|
1810 | Unix. |
---|
1811 | |
---|
1812 | If you wish to use GNU C++ you must first install GNU CC, and then |
---|
1813 | perform the following steps: |
---|
1814 | |
---|
1815 | 1. Define the VMS logical name `GNU_GXX_INCLUDE' to point to the |
---|
1816 | directory where the preprocessor will search for the C++ header |
---|
1817 | files. This can be done with the command: |
---|
1818 | |
---|
1819 | $ assign /system /translation=concealed - |
---|
1820 | disk:[gcc.gxx_include.] gnu_gxx_include |
---|
1821 | |
---|
1822 | with the appropriate disk and directory name. If you are going to |
---|
1823 | be using a C++ runtime library, this is where its install |
---|
1824 | procedure will install its header files. |
---|
1825 | |
---|
1826 | 2. Obtain the file `gcc-cc1plus.exe', and place this in the same |
---|
1827 | directory that `gcc-cc1.exe' is kept. |
---|
1828 | |
---|
1829 | The GNU C++ compiler can be invoked with a command like `gcc /plus |
---|
1830 | /verbose file.cc', which is equivalent to the command `g++ -v -c |
---|
1831 | file.cc' in Unix. |
---|
1832 | |
---|
1833 | We try to put corresponding binaries and sources on the VMS |
---|
1834 | distribution tape. But sometimes the binaries will be from an older |
---|
1835 | version than the sources, because we don't always have time to update |
---|
1836 | them. (Use the `/version' option to determine the version number of |
---|
1837 | the binaries and compare it with the source file `version.c' to tell |
---|
1838 | whether this is so.) In this case, you should use the binaries you get |
---|
1839 | to recompile the sources. If you must recompile, here is how: |
---|
1840 | |
---|
1841 | 1. Execute the command procedure `vmsconfig.com' to set up the files |
---|
1842 | `tm.h', `config.h', `aux-output.c', and `md.', and to create files |
---|
1843 | `tconfig.h' and `hconfig.h'. This procedure also creates several |
---|
1844 | linker option files used by `make-cc1.com' and a data file used by |
---|
1845 | `make-l2.com'. |
---|
1846 | |
---|
1847 | $ @vmsconfig.com |
---|
1848 | |
---|
1849 | 2. Setup the logical names and command tables as defined above. In |
---|
1850 | addition, define the VMS logical name `GNU_BISON' to point at the |
---|
1851 | to the directories where the Bison executable is kept. This |
---|
1852 | should be done with the command: |
---|
1853 | |
---|
1854 | $ assign /system /translation=concealed - |
---|
1855 | disk:[bison.] gnu_bison |
---|
1856 | |
---|
1857 | You may, if you choose, use the `INSTALL_BISON.COM' script in the |
---|
1858 | `[BISON]' directory. |
---|
1859 | |
---|
1860 | 3. Install the `BISON' command with the command line: |
---|
1861 | |
---|
1862 | $ set command /table=sys$common:[syslib]dcltables - |
---|
1863 | /output=sys$common:[syslib]dcltables - |
---|
1864 | gnu_bison:[000000]bison |
---|
1865 | $ install replace sys$common:[syslib]dcltables |
---|
1866 | |
---|
1867 | 4. Type `@make-gcc' to recompile everything (alternatively, submit |
---|
1868 | the file `make-gcc.com' to a batch queue). If you wish to build |
---|
1869 | the GNU C++ compiler as well as the GNU CC compiler, you must |
---|
1870 | first edit `make-gcc.com' and follow the instructions that appear |
---|
1871 | in the comments. |
---|
1872 | |
---|
1873 | 5. In order to use GCC, you need a library of functions which GCC |
---|
1874 | compiled code will call to perform certain tasks, and these |
---|
1875 | functions are defined in the file `libgcc2.c'. To compile this |
---|
1876 | you should use the command procedure `make-l2.com', which will |
---|
1877 | generate the library `libgcc2.olb'. `libgcc2.olb' should be built |
---|
1878 | using the compiler built from the same distribution that |
---|
1879 | `libgcc2.c' came from, and `make-gcc.com' will automatically do |
---|
1880 | all of this for you. |
---|
1881 | |
---|
1882 | To install the library, use the following commands: |
---|
1883 | |
---|
1884 | $ library gnu_cc:[000000]gcclib/delete=(new,eprintf) |
---|
1885 | $ library gnu_cc:[000000]gcclib/delete=L_* |
---|
1886 | $ library libgcc2/extract=*/output=libgcc2.obj |
---|
1887 | $ library gnu_cc:[000000]gcclib libgcc2.obj |
---|
1888 | |
---|
1889 | The first command simply removes old modules that will be replaced |
---|
1890 | with modules from `libgcc2' under different module names. The |
---|
1891 | modules `new' and `eprintf' may not actually be present in your |
---|
1892 | `gcclib.olb'--if the VMS librarian complains about those modules |
---|
1893 | not being present, simply ignore the message and continue on with |
---|
1894 | the next command. The second command removes the modules that |
---|
1895 | came from the previous version of the library `libgcc2.c'. |
---|
1896 | |
---|
1897 | Whenever you update the compiler on your system, you should also |
---|
1898 | update the library with the above procedure. |
---|
1899 | |
---|
1900 | 6. You may wish to build GCC in such a way that no files are written |
---|
1901 | to the directory where the source files reside. An example would |
---|
1902 | be the when the source files are on a read-only disk. In these |
---|
1903 | cases, execute the following DCL commands (substituting your |
---|
1904 | actual path names): |
---|
1905 | |
---|
1906 | $ assign dua0:[gcc.build_dir.]/translation=concealed, - |
---|
1907 | dua1:[gcc.source_dir.]/translation=concealed gcc_build |
---|
1908 | $ set default gcc_build:[000000] |
---|
1909 | |
---|
1910 | where the directory `dua1:[gcc.source_dir]' contains the source |
---|
1911 | code, and the directory `dua0:[gcc.build_dir]' is meant to contain |
---|
1912 | all of the generated object files and executables. Once you have |
---|
1913 | done this, you can proceed building GCC as described above. (Keep |
---|
1914 | in mind that `gcc_build' is a rooted logical name, and thus the |
---|
1915 | device names in each element of the search list must be an actual |
---|
1916 | physical device name rather than another rooted logical name). |
---|
1917 | |
---|
1918 | 7. *If you are building GNU CC with a previous version of GNU CC, you |
---|
1919 | also should check to see that you have the newest version of the |
---|
1920 | assembler*. In particular, GNU CC version 2 treats global constant |
---|
1921 | variables slightly differently from GNU CC version 1, and GAS |
---|
1922 | version 1.38.1 does not have the patches required to work with GCC |
---|
1923 | version 2. If you use GAS 1.38.1, then `extern const' variables |
---|
1924 | will not have the read-only bit set, and the linker will generate |
---|
1925 | warning messages about mismatched psect attributes for these |
---|
1926 | variables. These warning messages are merely a nuisance, and can |
---|
1927 | safely be ignored. |
---|
1928 | |
---|
1929 | If you are compiling with a version of GNU CC older than 1.33, |
---|
1930 | specify `/DEFINE=("inline=")' as an option in all the |
---|
1931 | compilations. This requires editing all the `gcc' commands in |
---|
1932 | `make-cc1.com'. (The older versions had problems supporting |
---|
1933 | `inline'.) Once you have a working 1.33 or newer GNU CC, you can |
---|
1934 | change this file back. |
---|
1935 | |
---|
1936 | 8. If you want to build GNU CC with the VAX C compiler, you will need |
---|
1937 | to make minor changes in `make-cccp.com' and `make-cc1.com' to |
---|
1938 | choose alternate definitions of `CC', `CFLAGS', and `LIBS'. See |
---|
1939 | comments in those files. However, you must also have a working |
---|
1940 | version of the GNU assembler (GNU as, aka GAS) as it is used as |
---|
1941 | the back-end for GNU CC to produce binary object modules and is |
---|
1942 | not included in the GNU CC sources. GAS is also needed to compile |
---|
1943 | `libgcc2' in order to build `gcclib' (see above); `make-l2.com' |
---|
1944 | expects to be able to find it operational in |
---|
1945 | `gnu_cc:[000000]gnu-as.exe'. |
---|
1946 | |
---|
1947 | To use GNU CC on VMS, you need the VMS driver programs `gcc.exe', |
---|
1948 | `gcc.com', and `gcc.cld'. They are distributed with the VMS |
---|
1949 | binaries (`gcc-vms') rather than the GNU CC sources. GAS is also |
---|
1950 | included in `gcc-vms', as is Bison. |
---|
1951 | |
---|
1952 | Once you have successfully built GNU CC with VAX C, you should use |
---|
1953 | the resulting compiler to rebuild itself. Before doing this, be |
---|
1954 | sure to restore the `CC', `CFLAGS', and `LIBS' definitions in |
---|
1955 | `make-cccp.com' and `make-cc1.com'. The second generation |
---|
1956 | compiler will be able to take advantage of many optimizations that |
---|
1957 | must be suppressed when building with other compilers. |
---|
1958 | |
---|
1959 | Under previous versions of GNU CC, the generated code would |
---|
1960 | occasionally give strange results when linked with the sharable |
---|
1961 | `VAXCRTL' library. Now this should work. |
---|
1962 | |
---|
1963 | Even with this version, however, GNU CC itself should not be linked |
---|
1964 | with the sharable `VAXCRTL'. The version of `qsort' in `VAXCRTL' has a |
---|
1965 | bug (known to be present in VMS versions V4.6 through V5.5) which |
---|
1966 | causes the compiler to fail. |
---|
1967 | |
---|
1968 | The executables are generated by `make-cc1.com' and `make-cccp.com' |
---|
1969 | use the object library version of `VAXCRTL' in order to make use of the |
---|
1970 | `qsort' routine in `gcclib.olb'. If you wish to link the compiler |
---|
1971 | executables with the shareable image version of `VAXCRTL', you should |
---|
1972 | edit the file `tm.h' (created by `vmsconfig.com') to define the macro |
---|
1973 | `QSORT_WORKAROUND'. |
---|
1974 | |
---|
1975 | `QSORT_WORKAROUND' is always defined when GNU CC is compiled with |
---|
1976 | VAX C, to avoid a problem in case `gcclib.olb' is not yet available. |
---|
1977 | |
---|
1978 | `collect2' |
---|
1979 | ========== |
---|
1980 | |
---|
1981 | Many target systems do not have support in the assembler and linker |
---|
1982 | for "constructors"--initialization functions to be called before the |
---|
1983 | official "start" of `main'. On such systems, GNU CC uses a utility |
---|
1984 | called `collect2' to arrange to call these functions at start time. |
---|
1985 | |
---|
1986 | The program `collect2' works by linking the program once and looking |
---|
1987 | through the linker output file for symbols with particular names |
---|
1988 | indicating they are constructor functions. If it finds any, it creates |
---|
1989 | a new temporary `.c' file containing a table of them, compiles it, and |
---|
1990 | links the program a second time including that file. |
---|
1991 | |
---|
1992 | The actual calls to the constructors are carried out by a subroutine |
---|
1993 | called `__main', which is called (automatically) at the beginning of |
---|
1994 | the body of `main' (provided `main' was compiled with GNU CC). Calling |
---|
1995 | `__main' is necessary, even when compiling C code, to allow linking C |
---|
1996 | and C++ object code together. (If you use `-nostdlib', you get an |
---|
1997 | unresolved reference to `__main', since it's defined in the standard |
---|
1998 | GCC library. Include `-lgcc' at the end of your compiler command line |
---|
1999 | to resolve this reference.) |
---|
2000 | |
---|
2001 | The program `collect2' is installed as `ld' in the directory where |
---|
2002 | the passes of the compiler are installed. When `collect2' needs to |
---|
2003 | find the *real* `ld', it tries the following file names: |
---|
2004 | |
---|
2005 | * `real-ld' in the directories listed in the compiler's search |
---|
2006 | directories. |
---|
2007 | |
---|
2008 | * `real-ld' in the directories listed in the environment variable |
---|
2009 | `PATH'. |
---|
2010 | |
---|
2011 | * The file specified in the `REAL_LD_FILE_NAME' configuration macro, |
---|
2012 | if specified. |
---|
2013 | |
---|
2014 | * `ld' in the compiler's search directories, except that `collect2' |
---|
2015 | will not execute itself recursively. |
---|
2016 | |
---|
2017 | * `ld' in `PATH'. |
---|
2018 | |
---|
2019 | "The compiler's search directories" means all the directories where |
---|
2020 | `gcc' searches for passes of the compiler. This includes directories |
---|
2021 | that you specify with `-B'. |
---|
2022 | |
---|
2023 | Cross-compilers search a little differently: |
---|
2024 | |
---|
2025 | * `real-ld' in the compiler's search directories. |
---|
2026 | |
---|
2027 | * `TARGET-real-ld' in `PATH'. |
---|
2028 | |
---|
2029 | * The file specified in the `REAL_LD_FILE_NAME' configuration macro, |
---|
2030 | if specified. |
---|
2031 | |
---|
2032 | * `ld' in the compiler's search directories. |
---|
2033 | |
---|
2034 | * `TARGET-ld' in `PATH'. |
---|
2035 | |
---|
2036 | `collect2' explicitly avoids running `ld' using the file name under |
---|
2037 | which `collect2' itself was invoked. In fact, it remembers up a list |
---|
2038 | of such names--in case one copy of `collect2' finds another copy (or |
---|
2039 | version) of `collect2' installed as `ld' in a second place in the |
---|
2040 | search path. |
---|
2041 | |
---|
2042 | `collect2' searches for the utilities `nm' and `strip' using the |
---|
2043 | same algorithm as above for `ld'. |
---|
2044 | |
---|
2045 | Standard Header File Directories |
---|
2046 | ================================ |
---|
2047 | |
---|
2048 | `GCC_INCLUDE_DIR' means the same thing for native and cross. It is |
---|
2049 | where GNU CC stores its private include files, and also where GNU CC |
---|
2050 | stores the fixed include files. A cross compiled GNU CC runs |
---|
2051 | `fixincludes' on the header files in `$(tooldir)/include'. (If the |
---|
2052 | cross compilation header files need to be fixed, they must be installed |
---|
2053 | before GNU CC is built. If the cross compilation header files are |
---|
2054 | already suitable for ANSI C and GNU CC, nothing special need be done). |
---|
2055 | |
---|
2056 | `GPLUS_INCLUDE_DIR' means the same thing for native and cross. It |
---|
2057 | is where `g++' looks first for header files. The C++ library installs |
---|
2058 | only target independent header files in that directory. |
---|
2059 | |
---|
2060 | `LOCAL_INCLUDE_DIR' is used only for a native compiler. It is |
---|
2061 | normally `/usr/local/include'. GNU CC searches this directory so that |
---|
2062 | users can install header files in `/usr/local/include'. |
---|
2063 | |
---|
2064 | `CROSS_INCLUDE_DIR' is used only for a cross compiler. GNU CC |
---|
2065 | doesn't install anything there. |
---|
2066 | |
---|
2067 | `TOOL_INCLUDE_DIR' is used for both native and cross compilers. It |
---|
2068 | is the place for other packages to install header files that GNU CC will |
---|
2069 | use. For a cross-compiler, this is the equivalent of `/usr/include'. |
---|
2070 | When you build a cross-compiler, `fixincludes' processes any header |
---|
2071 | files in this directory. |
---|
2072 | |
---|