[14544] | 1 | package File::Spec; |
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| 2 | |
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| 3 | use strict; |
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[18449] | 4 | our(@ISA, $VERSION); |
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[14544] | 5 | |
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[18449] | 6 | $VERSION = 0.83 ; |
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[14544] | 7 | |
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| 8 | my %module = (MacOS => 'Mac', |
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| 9 | MSWin32 => 'Win32', |
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| 10 | os2 => 'OS2', |
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[17034] | 11 | VMS => 'VMS', |
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[18449] | 12 | epoc => 'Epoc', |
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| 13 | NetWare => 'Win32', # Yes, File::Spec::Win32 works on NetWare. |
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| 14 | dos => 'OS2', # Yes, File::Spec::OS2 works on DJGPP. |
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| 15 | cygwin => 'Cygwin'); |
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[14544] | 16 | |
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[18449] | 17 | |
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[14544] | 18 | my $module = $module{$^O} || 'Unix'; |
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[18449] | 19 | |
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[14544] | 20 | require "File/Spec/$module.pm"; |
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| 21 | @ISA = ("File::Spec::$module"); |
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| 22 | |
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| 23 | 1; |
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[18449] | 24 | |
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[14544] | 25 | __END__ |
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| 26 | |
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| 27 | =head1 NAME |
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| 28 | |
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| 29 | File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names |
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| 30 | |
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| 31 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
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| 32 | |
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| 33 | use File::Spec; |
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| 34 | |
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| 35 | $x=File::Spec->catfile('a', 'b', 'c'); |
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| 36 | |
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| 37 | which returns 'a/b/c' under Unix. Or: |
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| 38 | |
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| 39 | use File::Spec::Functions; |
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| 40 | |
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| 41 | $x = catfile('a', 'b', 'c'); |
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| 42 | |
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| 43 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
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| 44 | |
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| 45 | This module is designed to support operations commonly performed on file |
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| 46 | specifications (usually called "file names", but not to be confused with the |
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| 47 | contents of a file, or Perl's file handles), such as concatenating several |
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| 48 | directory and file names into a single path, or determining whether a path |
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| 49 | is rooted. It is based on code directly taken from MakeMaker 5.17, code |
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| 50 | written by Andreas KE<ouml>nig, Andy Dougherty, Charles Bailey, Ilya |
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| 51 | Zakharevich, Paul Schinder, and others. |
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| 52 | |
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| 53 | Since these functions are different for most operating systems, each set of |
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| 54 | OS specific routines is available in a separate module, including: |
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| 55 | |
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| 56 | File::Spec::Unix |
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| 57 | File::Spec::Mac |
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| 58 | File::Spec::OS2 |
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| 59 | File::Spec::Win32 |
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| 60 | File::Spec::VMS |
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| 61 | |
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| 62 | The module appropriate for the current OS is automatically loaded by |
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| 63 | File::Spec. Since some modules (like VMS) make use of facilities available |
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| 64 | only under that OS, it may not be possible to load all modules under all |
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| 65 | operating systems. |
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| 66 | |
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[18449] | 67 | Since File::Spec is object oriented, subroutines should not be called directly, |
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[14544] | 68 | as in: |
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| 69 | |
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| 70 | File::Spec::catfile('a','b'); |
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| 71 | |
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| 72 | but rather as class methods: |
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| 73 | |
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| 74 | File::Spec->catfile('a','b'); |
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| 75 | |
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| 76 | For simple uses, L<File::Spec::Functions> provides convenient functional |
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| 77 | forms of these methods. |
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| 78 | |
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[18449] | 79 | =head1 METHODS |
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[14544] | 80 | |
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[18449] | 81 | =over 2 |
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| 82 | |
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| 83 | =item canonpath |
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| 84 | |
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| 85 | No physical check on the filesystem, but a logical cleanup of a |
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| 86 | path. |
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| 87 | |
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| 88 | $cpath = File::Spec->canonpath( $path ) ; |
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| 89 | |
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| 90 | =item catdir |
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| 91 | |
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| 92 | Concatenate two or more directory names to form a complete path ending |
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| 93 | with a directory. But remove the trailing slash from the resulting |
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| 94 | string, because it doesn't look good, isn't necessary and confuses |
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| 95 | OS2. Of course, if this is the root directory, don't cut off the |
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| 96 | trailing slash :-) |
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| 97 | |
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| 98 | $path = File::Spec->catdir( @directories ); |
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| 99 | |
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| 100 | =item catfile |
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| 101 | |
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| 102 | Concatenate one or more directory names and a filename to form a |
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| 103 | complete path ending with a filename |
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| 104 | |
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| 105 | $path = File::Spec->catfile( @directories, $filename ); |
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| 106 | |
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| 107 | =item curdir |
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| 108 | |
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| 109 | Returns a string representation of the current directory. |
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| 110 | |
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| 111 | $curdir = File::Spec->curdir(); |
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| 112 | |
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| 113 | =item devnull |
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| 114 | |
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| 115 | Returns a string representation of the null device. |
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| 116 | |
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| 117 | $devnull = File::Spec->devnull(); |
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| 118 | |
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| 119 | =item rootdir |
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| 120 | |
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| 121 | Returns a string representation of the root directory. |
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| 122 | |
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| 123 | $rootdir = File::Spec->rootdir(); |
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| 124 | |
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| 125 | =item tmpdir |
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| 126 | |
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| 127 | Returns a string representation of the first writable directory from a |
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| 128 | list of possible temporary directories. Returns "" if no writable |
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| 129 | temporary directories are found. The list of directories checked |
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| 130 | depends on the platform; e.g. File::Spec::Unix checks $ENV{TMPDIR} and |
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| 131 | /tmp. |
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| 132 | |
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| 133 | $tmpdir = File::Spec->tmpdir(); |
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| 134 | |
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| 135 | =item updir |
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| 136 | |
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| 137 | Returns a string representation of the parent directory. |
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| 138 | |
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| 139 | $updir = File::Spec->updir(); |
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| 140 | |
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| 141 | =item no_upwards |
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| 142 | |
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| 143 | Given a list of file names, strip out those that refer to a parent |
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| 144 | directory. (Does not strip symlinks, only '.', '..', and equivalents.) |
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| 145 | |
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| 146 | @paths = File::Spec->no_upwards( @paths ); |
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| 147 | |
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| 148 | =item case_tolerant |
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| 149 | |
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| 150 | Returns a true or false value indicating, respectively, that alphabetic |
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| 151 | is not or is significant when comparing file specifications. |
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| 152 | |
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| 153 | $is_case_tolerant = File::Spec->case_tolerant(); |
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| 154 | |
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| 155 | =item file_name_is_absolute |
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| 156 | |
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| 157 | Takes as argument a path and returns true if it is an absolute path. |
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| 158 | |
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| 159 | $is_absolute = File::Spec->file_name_is_absolute( $path ); |
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| 160 | |
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| 161 | This does not consult the local filesystem on Unix, Win32, OS/2, or |
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| 162 | Mac OS (Classic). It does consult the working environment for VMS |
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| 163 | (see L<File::Spec::VMS/file_name_is_absolute>). |
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| 164 | |
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| 165 | =item path |
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| 166 | |
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| 167 | Takes no argument, returns the environment variable PATH as an array. |
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| 168 | |
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| 169 | @PATH = File::Spec->path(); |
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| 170 | |
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| 171 | =item join |
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| 172 | |
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| 173 | join is the same as catfile. |
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| 174 | |
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| 175 | =item splitpath |
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| 176 | |
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| 177 | Splits a path in to volume, directory, and filename portions. On systems |
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| 178 | with no concept of volume, returns undef for volume. |
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| 179 | |
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| 180 | ($volume,$directories,$file) = File::Spec->splitpath( $path ); |
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| 181 | ($volume,$directories,$file) = File::Spec->splitpath( $path, $no_file ); |
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| 182 | |
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| 183 | For systems with no syntax differentiating filenames from directories, |
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| 184 | assumes that the last file is a path unless $no_file is true or a |
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| 185 | trailing separator or /. or /.. is present. On Unix this means that $no_file |
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| 186 | true makes this return ( '', $path, '' ). |
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| 187 | |
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| 188 | The directory portion may or may not be returned with a trailing '/'. |
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| 189 | |
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| 190 | The results can be passed to L</catpath()> to get back a path equivalent to |
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| 191 | (usually identical to) the original path. |
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| 192 | |
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| 193 | =item splitdir |
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| 194 | |
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| 195 | The opposite of L</catdir()>. |
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| 196 | |
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| 197 | @dirs = File::Spec->splitdir( $directories ); |
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| 198 | |
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| 199 | $directories must be only the directory portion of the path on systems |
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| 200 | that have the concept of a volume or that have path syntax that differentiates |
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| 201 | files from directories. |
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| 202 | |
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| 203 | Unlike just splitting the directories on the separator, empty |
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| 204 | directory names (C<''>) can be returned, because these are significant |
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| 205 | on some OSs. |
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| 206 | |
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| 207 | =item catpath() |
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| 208 | |
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| 209 | Takes volume, directory and file portions and returns an entire path. Under |
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| 210 | Unix, $volume is ignored, and directory and file are catenated. A '/' is |
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| 211 | inserted if need be. On other OSs, $volume is significant. |
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| 212 | |
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| 213 | $full_path = File::Spec->catpath( $volume, $directory, $file ); |
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| 214 | |
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| 215 | =item abs2rel |
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| 216 | |
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| 217 | Takes a destination path and an optional base path returns a relative path |
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| 218 | from the base path to the destination path: |
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| 219 | |
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| 220 | $rel_path = File::Spec->abs2rel( $path ) ; |
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| 221 | $rel_path = File::Spec->abs2rel( $path, $base ) ; |
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| 222 | |
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| 223 | If $base is not present or '', then L<cwd()|Cwd> is used. If $base is relative, |
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| 224 | then it is converted to absolute form using L</rel2abs()>. This means that it |
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| 225 | is taken to be relative to L<cwd()|Cwd>. |
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| 226 | |
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| 227 | On systems with the concept of a volume, this assumes that both paths |
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| 228 | are on the $destination volume, and ignores the $base volume. |
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| 229 | |
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| 230 | On systems that have a grammar that indicates filenames, this ignores the |
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| 231 | $base filename as well. Otherwise all path components are assumed to be |
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| 232 | directories. |
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| 233 | |
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| 234 | If $path is relative, it is converted to absolute form using L</rel2abs()>. |
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| 235 | This means that it is taken to be relative to L<cwd()|Cwd>. |
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| 236 | |
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| 237 | No checks against the filesystem are made. On VMS, there is |
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| 238 | interaction with the working environment, as logicals and |
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| 239 | macros are expanded. |
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| 240 | |
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| 241 | Based on code written by Shigio Yamaguchi. |
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| 242 | |
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| 243 | =item rel2abs() |
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| 244 | |
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| 245 | Converts a relative path to an absolute path. |
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| 246 | |
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| 247 | $abs_path = File::Spec->rel2abs( $path ) ; |
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| 248 | $abs_path = File::Spec->rel2abs( $path, $base ) ; |
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| 249 | |
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| 250 | If $base is not present or '', then L<cwd()|Cwd> is used. If $base is relative, |
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| 251 | then it is converted to absolute form using L</rel2abs()>. This means that it |
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| 252 | is taken to be relative to L<cwd()|Cwd>. |
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| 253 | |
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| 254 | On systems with the concept of a volume, this assumes that both paths |
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| 255 | are on the $base volume, and ignores the $path volume. |
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| 256 | |
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| 257 | On systems that have a grammar that indicates filenames, this ignores the |
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| 258 | $base filename as well. Otherwise all path components are assumed to be |
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| 259 | directories. |
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| 260 | |
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| 261 | If $path is absolute, it is cleaned up and returned using L</canonpath()>. |
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| 262 | |
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| 263 | No checks against the filesystem are made. On VMS, there is |
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| 264 | interaction with the working environment, as logicals and |
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| 265 | macros are expanded. |
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| 266 | |
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| 267 | Based on code written by Shigio Yamaguchi. |
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| 268 | |
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| 269 | =back |
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| 270 | |
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| 271 | For further information, please see L<File::Spec::Unix>, |
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| 272 | L<File::Spec::Mac>, L<File::Spec::OS2>, L<File::Spec::Win32>, or |
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| 273 | L<File::Spec::VMS>. |
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| 274 | |
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[14544] | 275 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
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| 276 | |
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[18449] | 277 | L<File::Spec::Unix>, L<File::Spec::Mac>, L<File::Spec::OS2>, |
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| 278 | L<File::Spec::Win32>, L<File::Spec::VMS>, L<File::Spec::Functions>, |
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| 279 | L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker> |
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[14544] | 280 | |
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| 281 | =head1 AUTHORS |
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| 282 | |
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[18449] | 283 | Kenneth Albanowski <kjahds@kjahds.com>, Andy Dougherty |
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| 284 | <doughera@lafcol.lafayette.edu>, Andreas KE<ouml>nig |
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| 285 | <A.Koenig@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE>, Tim Bunce <Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk. |
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| 286 | VMS support by Charles Bailey <bailey@newman.upenn.edu>. |
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| 287 | OS/2 support by Ilya Zakharevich <ilya@math.ohio-state.edu>. |
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| 288 | Mac support by Paul Schinder <schinder@pobox.com>, and Thomas Wegner |
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| 289 | <wegner_thomas@yahoo.com>. abs2rel() and rel2abs() written by Shigio |
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| 290 | Yamaguchi <shigio@tamacom.com>, modified by Barrie Slaymaker |
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| 291 | <barries@slaysys.com>. splitpath(), splitdir(), catpath() and |
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| 292 | catdir() by Barrie Slaymaker. |
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